육상기인 해양 플라스틱에 관한 현행 국제규범의 한계 및 플라스틱 조약에 관한 제언 = A Study on the Limitations of Existing International Regime over Land-Based Source of Marine Plastic and Suggestions for New Plastic Convention

국문 초록 (Abstract)

육상기인 해양 플라스틱은 다양한 활동과 복잡한 인과 관계로 인해 발생하는 다면적 문제이다. 육상기인 해양 플라스틱은 전체 해양 플라스틱의 약 80%를 차지하는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 전세계 인구의 약 40%가 해안에서 100km 이내에 거주하고 있다는 점을 고려할 때, 육상으로부터 발생하는 해양 플라스틱으로 인한 문제는 더욱 심각해 질 것으로 예상된다. 이에 국제사회는 2022년 나이로비에서 개최한 유엔환경총회에서 플라스틱을 규제하기 위한 새로운 협약을 수립하기로 하였으며, 현재 정부간협상위원회에서 열린 4차례의 회의를 통해 플라스틱 협약의 초안을 발표하였다.
본 연구에서는 새롭게 제정될 예정인 플라스틱 협약이 해양 플라스틱 문제 해결을 위해 명시해야 할 규정에 대해 제언하고 궁극적으로 해양 환경을 보호하는데 기여하고자 한다. 이를 위해 해양오염 및 해양 플라스틱 문제 해결을 위한 현행 국제레짐의 주요 규정을 살펴보고 그 한계에 대해 분석한다. 그리고 육상기인 해양 플라스틱 문제 해결을 위해 새롭게 제정될 플라스틱 협약에 담겨야 할 필수 규정에 대해 제안한다.

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