대한민국임시정부 적십자회 이사장 서병호의 생애와 독립운동 = The Life and Independence Activities of Seo Byeong-ho, Chairman of the Korean Red Cross of the Provisional Government of Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 대한민국임시정부 적십자회의 이사장을 역임했던 서병호의 생애와 독립운동 및 해방 이후 사회운동에 대해 정리한 논문이다. 그는 1885년 황해도 장연군의 기독교 집안에서 출생하였으며, 경신중학과 금릉대학 철학과에서 근대적 학문을 익혔다. 경신학교의 학감과 서해제일학교, 대성학교, 인성학교, 남화학교 등에서 학생들을 가르쳤다.
여운형, 선우혁 등과 함께 신한청년단을 조직하고 파리강화회의에 김규식을 파견하는데 일조했으며, 국내로 파견되어 3.1운동의 전국적 확산에 기여하였다. 그의 이러한 노력은 대한임국임시정부가 결성될 수 있는토대가 되었다.
임시정부에서는 내무국장과 의정원의원을 역임하였으며, 적십자회 이사장과 인성학원 교사 및 상해대한거류민단 의사원으로 활동하였다. 이밖에 준 군사단체인 서울주비단원이 상해로 찾아오자 이들을 접견하여 주빈단 결성될 수 있도록 했으며, 민족대표회의에서는 창조파로 활동하였다. 또한 미국의원 관광단이 중국을 방문하자 한국의 독립문제를 호소했던 것으로 보인다.
해방 직후에는 귀환 도중 상해를 방문한 김구를 접견하고 만찬을 주최했으며, 상해지역 한인들의 귀환을 위해 노력하였다. 환국 후에는 조선적십자회 서무부장으로 활동했으며, 박정희정권의 한일헙정에 대한 일방적 체결을 규탄하는 등 사회지도자로의 역할을 다하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper summarizes the life of Seo Byeong-ho, who served as the chairman of the Korean Red Cross Committee of the Provisional Government of Korea, his involvement in the independence movement, and his social activities after liberation. He was born in 1885 into a Christian family in Jangyeon-gun, Hwanghae Province, and studied modern academic disciplines at Kyungsin Middle School and Geumneung College, majoring in philosophy. He served as the academic supervisor at Kyungsin School and taught students at Seohae Jeil School, Daeseong School, Inseong School, and Namhwa School.
Together with figures such as Ye Won-hyeong and Seon Woo-hyeok, he helped organize the Sinhan Youth Corps and played a role in sending Kim Kyu-sik to the Paris Peace Conference. He also contributed to the nationwide expansion of the March 1st Movement by being dispatched domestically. These efforts laid the foundation for the establishment of the Provisional Government of Korea.
In the Provisional Government, he held positions as the Director of Internal Affairs and a member of the Legislative Council. He also served as the chairman of the Red Cross, a teacher at Inseong Academy, and a member of the Shanghai Korean Residents Association. Additionally, he met with members of the semi-military organization Seoul Jubi Dan when they visited Shanghai, facilitating the formation of the Jubi Dan, and was active as a proponent of the creative faction in the National Representative Council.
He also appealed for Korea's independence when a US congressional tour group visited China.
Immediately after liberation, he hosted Kim Koo, who was on his way back to Korea, in Shanghai and organized a banquet for him. He worked to help Korean expatriates in Shanghai return home. After returning to Korea, he served as the head of the Korean Red Cross's administrative department and fulfilled his role as a social leader by condemning the unilateral signing of the Korea-Japan normalization treaty under the Park Chung-hee regime.