미국 낙태 관련 정책에 영향을 미치는 요인 = The Factors that affect the abortion policy in US

국문 초록 (Abstract)

여성정책은 같은 잇슈라도 각국가마다 다른 정책으로 나타난다. 이렇게 다른 정책으로 나타나는 원인은 여성정책의 잇슈를 제기하는 여성운동의 성격이 다르기 때문이고 이에 반대하는 반대운동의 강도가 다르고 또한 정책결정과정에서 영향을 미치는 정책행위자들이 서로 다르기 때문이다. 미국 낙태관련정책에 있어서 최초로 낙태문제를 잇슈화한 것은 여성운동은 아니었지만 곧 여성운동이 잇슈 공론화의 중심에 서있었고 대법원에 헌법소송을 내는 방식으로 정책화에 노력하였다. 곧이어 대통령이 반낙태론자를 대법원판사로 임명하면서 대법원이 반낙태론자들의 입장을 대변하게 되자 여성운동은 여론의 변화를 겨냥하였고 이어서 대통령 및 의회에 압력을 행사하였다. 이를 통해서 대통령은 낙태제한 법안에 대해서 거부권을 행사하거나 혹은 낙태찬성론에 의거한 법안에 발의 통과시킴으로써 여성운동이 제기한 잇슈를 정책화하였다. 미국의 낙태잇슈 정책화에서 대법원과 대통령, 의회가 중요한 역할을 하였지만 반대 운동 역시도 반낙태법이 통과되거나 판례가 나오는데 역할을 하였고 또한 여성운동을 단결시키는데 있어서도 중요한 역할을 하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Women’s issue turns into policy differently from each country. The factors which influence the characteristics of women’s policy of each country are the women’s movement, the counter movement and the main actor of policy decision making process. In US, women’s movement introduced the abortion issue in public and to take strategy to initiate a law suit to the Supreme Court. Women’s movement chose successively the parliament instead of the Supreme Court which turned into anti abortion because the president appointed conservative judges. The president also played important role to use his veto power for an anti-abortion law and appointed conservative judges to the Supreme Court. The anti-movement is still important to institutionalize the abortion issue. It influenced an anti-abortion judgement of the Supreme Court and also brought about the unification of women’s movement.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 논문요약
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 접근
• Ⅲ. 미국의 낙태관련 법 및 정책의 변화
• Ⅳ. 미국 낙태정책에 영향을 미친 요인들
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 〈참고문헌〉

참고문헌 (Reference)

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