자기비판과 우울관계에서 지각된 스트레스와 자기자비 효과 = The effects of perceived stress and self compassion on the relationship between self criticism and depression

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was aimed to examine whether or not self critical students are more vulnerable to depression and negative emotional response when they are asked to recall after read the three hypothetical scenarios related to failure or mistakes. Furthermore, the research was to investigate the relationship between self-criticism and depression is mediated by perceived stress, and is moderated by self compassion. 233 participants were college students, who were divided up into 25% of highly critical students and 25% of low critical students. They were asked to complete the questionnaires of depression, perceived stress, and self compassion. The results revealed that the highly self-critical students were more vulnerable to negative emotions, perceived stress, depression and low self-compassion compared to students who were less critical of themselves. Also, it were presented that the relationship between self-criticism and depression is mediated by perceived stress moderated, and is moderated by self compassion. These findings suggest that self-criticism has more negative affect including depression through perceived stress, but it can be overturned by the practice of loving-kindness meditation to one's self. Finally, we discuss limitations of this study and suggest future directions for this research.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자기비판이 우울 및 부정 정서에 취약하다는 선행 연구에 기초하여, 자기비판적인 사람이 가상적인 실패/실수 상황에 대해 어떠한 정서반응을 보이는지 조사하였다. 더불어 자기비판과 우울관계에서 지각된 스트레스와 자기 자비의 매개 및 조절효과에 대해 알아보았다. 연구대상은 대학생 233명 중, 자기비판이 높은 집단(상위 25%)과 낮은 집단(하위 25%) 114명이다. 이들에게 가상적인 실패/실수 상황에 대한 부정 정서반응의 차이와 그 외 우울, 지각된 스트레스, 자기자비 설문을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 자기비판이 높은 사람은 낮은 사람에 비해 가상적인 실패/실수 상황에 대해 부정정서, 우울, 지각된 스트레스를 많이 경험하고, 자기 자비는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 자기비판과 우울 관계에서 지각된 스트레스는 매개효과를, 자기 자비는 조절효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 자기비판적인 사람은 평소 자신의 실수나 실패 자극에 주의를 집중하여 지각된 스트레스가 높고 이로 인해 우울에 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 자기비판적인 사람에게 자기자비를 높이도록 훈련되면 우울을 낮출 수 있음이 시사되었다. 자기비판적인 사람에게 자신을 비판하지 않고 있는 그대로를 수용하고 친절하고 따듯하게 사랑하도록 하는 자애 명상이 우울증의 보호요인으로 작용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 임상적인 함의, 제한점과 향후 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.

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