군형법상 항명죄에 관한 연구 - 개정된 군사법원법 및 법원이 재판권을 가진 군인 등의 범죄에 대한 수사절차 등에 관한 규정 내용을 중심으로 - = A study on the crime of mutiny under the Military Criminal Act Focusing on the revised Military Court Act and regulations on investigation procedures for crimes committed by soldiers, etc. over which the court has jurisdiction

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Military Criminal Act is a special law on the military that defines certain acts that violate military organization and order as crimes and stipulates punishment for them. In general, criminal law has a protective aspect, whose mission is to protect legal interests, and a security aspect, which guarantees the freedom and rights of citizens by clarifying the limits of the state's right to punish against arbitrary and arbitrary punishment. However, military criminal law contains characteristics that must recognize the special nature of the military in addition to the general purpose of criminal law.
Quite a few types of crimes in these military criminal laws are expressed with the specificity of the military, and in the military criminal law, the form of crime that implies the special characteristics of the military is expressed as ‘pure military criminals.’ Typically, the ‘crime of defiance’ that will be discussed in this paper is a form of pure military crime. The crime of insubordination is specified in Article 44 of the Military Criminal Act. This crime of mutiny under the Military Criminal Act has recently become the subject of much controversy due to the ‘death incident of Corporal Chae of the Marine Corps’.
In particular, the crime of mutiny is becoming an issue due to the ‘death incident of Sang Chae of the Marine Corps’. As we have already seen, it is illegal to violate Article 2, Paragraph 2 of the Military Court Act of the immediate superior, Article 7, Paragraph 1 of the Court's Military Investigation Procedure Regulations, which is a presidential decree, and Article 7, the Court's Military Investigation Procedure Regulations, which is an order of the Minister of National Defense. It appears that it will be difficult to establish a crime of rebellion due to a single order. On the contrary, if a direct superior attempts to control the military investigative agency through these illegal orders due to wrong motives, it will not only destroy military discipline, but further undermine the fairness and independence of military affairs, making it more difficult to realize military justice. It will be a long way off.
Therefore, the crime of defiance under the current Military Criminal Act must be improved. The crime of mutiny must protect the order and discipline of the military and the establishment of military commanders, and never protect the personal feelings of the commander. For this reason, it is necessary to delete the peacetime rebellion crime so that it can be applied in times of war and emergency. In peacetime, the crime of rebellion has been shifted to being disciplined through disciplinary action under the Military Justice Act, and situations such as wartime and incidents have been subdivided into more specific areas, so that wartime, incidents, martial law areas, and alert status and integrated defense situations are declared under the Integrated Defense Act. It must be improved so that it can be applied to the region.

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