사회적 공감 잠재계층 분류에 따른 재난 이후 사회적 공유와 공동체 리질리언스의 차이 = Differences in Social Sharing and Community Resilience after Disaster among Social Empathy Latent Classes

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

One of the main research topics in current trauma research is the social context of trauma. The purposes of this study were to investigate how social empathy, which extended the traditional concept of empathy through understanding the context appears in Korean sample and to examine the characteristics of groups classified according to sub factors of social empathy. Specifically, we concentrated on how differ the levels of social sharing and community resilience were as the impact of disaster on the whole society. For this, the survey was conducted among 1147 Korean respondents in their 20s to 50s from eight months after the Sewol Ferry accident, and 1000 people who experienced the accident indirectly were included in the analysis. Social empathy, which is consisted of five sub factors such as affective response, self-other awareness, perspective taking, emotion regulation, and macro perspective taking, was measured and the latent class analysis was conducted. As a results, three social empathy classes were identified: (a) low social empathy group (b) middle social empathy group (c) high social empathy group. In addition, the differences in the social sharing and community resilience (i.e. leadership, collective efficacy, preparedness, place attachment, and social trust) were verified using ANOVA and MANOVA. The significant class differences were found in all variables, suggesting that low social empathy group was lower than middle and high social empathy group in common. Based on the results, several ways to facilitate social empathy and the recovery after disaster as well as the implication and limitations of research were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 최근 트라우마 연구에서 회복의 중요한 요인으로 고려되는 사회적 맥락에 주목하여, 맥락에 대한 이해를 통해 기존의 공감 영역을 확장시킨 사회적 공감이 국내 표본에서 어떻게 나타나는지 살펴보고, 사회적 공감 하위요인들의 높고 낮은 양상에 따라 분류된 집단들이 어떠한 특성을 갖는지 알아보고자 하였다. 특별히 사회 전체적인 차원에서 구성원들이 받는 재난의 영향을 살펴보고자, 재난에 대한 사회적 공유와 지각된 공동체 리질리언스에서 어떤 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 이를 위하여 세월호 참사 이후 8개월 시점에서 전국 20대에서 50대를 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 진행하였으며, 수집된 자료 1147부 중 세월호 참사를 간접 경험했다고 응답한 1000부를 분석에 포함시켰다. 정서적 반응, 자기-타인 지각, 관점 수용, 정서조절, 거시적 관점 수용 등 5개의 하위요인으로 구성된 사회적 공감을 측정하고 잠재계층 분석을 한 결과, 총 3개의 사회적 공감 잠재계층(낮은/중간/높은 사회적 공감 집단)이 분류되었다. 또한 잠재계층에 따라 사회적 공유와 공동체 리질리언스(리더쉽, 집단적 효능감, 준비도, 지역 애착, 사회적 신뢰)에서 어떤 차이를 있는지 ANOVA 및 MANOVA를 통해 살펴본 결과, 공통적으로 낮은 사회적 공감 집단이 중간 사회적 공감 집단 및 높은 사회적 공감 집단보다 유의미하게 낮은 값을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 사회적 공감 및 재난으로부터의 회복을 촉진하기 위한 방안을 논의하고, 연구의 의의 및 제한점을 밝혔다.

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