Becoming “The Incomplete Faithful”: The Role of Religion in Negotiating the Civic Boundaries of Korean Migrants in Argentina

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 경유이주와 이주민 종교성의 틀을 통해 아르헨티나 한인 이주민들의 지속적 이동성과 이 속성이 그들의 시민적 일상에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰한다. 이에 대안적 시민권의 생산주체로서 부에노스아이레스 한인 카톨릭에 주목하고, 한인 경유이주자들이 시민적 경계들을 교섭해가는 과정에서 종교가 수행하는 역할에 대해 분석한다. 이주의 중간기착지로 역할해 온 부에노스아이레스에서 한인 카톨릭교회는 원주민 사회로 소속과 거리두기의 동시 전략하에 한인만을 위한 단일종족종교 성원권을 생산하였다. 하지만, 카톨릭 국가의 신앙공동체이자 시민으로서 역할이 요구되는 근간의 상황에서, 기존의 이중적 소속전략은 경유이주자와 카톨릭 시민 사이의 불협화음으로 인해 이들의 입지를 불안정하게 해왔다. 이 같은 맥락에서 본고는 한인들이 일상경험과 결합된 종교적 주체화의 과정을 통해 타자화된 일상의 권위를 회복하고, 자신들의 이주 맥락을 따라 카톨릭 시민됨의 의미와 실천방식을 새로이 구성해가는 과정에 대해 탐색한다. 이로써 본 연구는 초국가적인 사회적 장에서 탈영역화된 소속의 방식과 시민적 경계들을 생산하는 동인과 문화적 기제들을 발굴하는 데 기여하고자 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Using the framework of transit migration and immigrant religiosity, this article examines the influence of ongoing mobility upon civic life of Korean migrants in Argentina. The focus is on Korean Catholics in Buenos Aires engaged in creating an alternative citizenship to confront their precariousness as a diaspora, with special attention given to the role of religion in negotiating the civic boundaries of transit migrants. In Buenos Aires―a transit location of migration paths―Korean migrants display the ambivalent desire of integrating into the host society from their diasporic position characterized by “the continuity of migration” and the status of “second-class citizens.” Korean Catholics have produced their ethno-religious membership, emphasizing their empirical ethnic difference within the universal Catholic world. However, with increasing requirements to fulfill their civic role as a Catholic community in a Catholic state, their dual strategy of belonging destabilizes the borders of community between a “secular being” and “the faithful.” In this context, this study further explores how Catholicism fulfills moral order of Korean Catholics in favor of operating the border of non-anchored citizens in their transit place. I find the religious subjectification integrated with everyday experiences empowers the Korean Catholics to reconstitute the meaning of citizenship and its religious form of practice based on their indeterminate path of migration. This validates the agency of transit migrants and its potential of producing deterritorialized ways of belonging and civic boundaries in transnational social fields.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. The ethnographic background: Korean immigrant society in Buenos Aires
• 3. The border politics of “us”
• 4. Practicing the faith to remain “in-between”
• 5. Conclusion
• Reference

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