禮敎의 내용으로서의 經禮와 曲禮

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The problem of the locus or source of morality, whether morality as the rule-following human behavior resides in the outer rules or the inner mind , is an aggravating issue in moral theory. The rule-following human behavior cannot be adequately defined as merely passively obeying the outer rules or merely actively expressing the inner mind . In other words, it is not only obeying the outer rules but also expressing the inner mind . How is it possible to accept these two contradicting elements of the human behavior simultaneously?
Peters and Zhu Xi 朱熹tried to resolve this antinomy. According to Peters, man lives in a complex network of the moral rules of various sorts and levels. In his life time, man unconsciously forms the inner mind according to the outer rules. This is his life-long task, and to become a human being means that he successfully fulfills the task—internalizing the outer rules . The Peter s view raises some serious questions such as, Is there no such thing as the original moral elements in human mind? , In the last analysis, is it enough to teach moral rules in moral education? , etc.
In the jingquan-lun 經權論and the zhonghe-lun 中和論, Zhu Xi also tries to resolve the antinomy. But Zhu Xi s solution is not the same as the Peters ; Peters and Zhu Xi resolves the antinomy from the viewpoint of outer rules and inner mind respectively. According to Zhu Xi, our world can be structuralized a two-fold structure. The upper layer, jing 經or zhong 中, represents the unmanifested pith of all the manifestations of human thought, speech, and behavior, which constitutes the lower layer . Unlike the manifestations of the true, the good, the beautiful, and the holy, jing or zhong is the truth, the goodness, the beauty, and the holiness itself. In Zhu Xi s view, morality is nothing but an aspect of the zhong ; we call it morality, when we refer to zhong in the light of morals. We are morally good person as much as our mind is cultivated to zhong. As long as we accept the two-fold structure of the world, we must admit that both jing-li 經禮and qi-li 曲禮are the important and necessary ways of cultivating our mind.