KCI등재
결함상품(缺陷商品)으로 인한 소비자(消費者) 피해(被害)의 사법적(私法的) 구제(救濟)의 법리(法理)에 관한 연구(硏究) = A Study on the Legal Theories of the Civil Remedy for the Consumers` Damage caused by Defective Goods
저자
발행기관
東亞大學校附設 石堂傳統文化硏究院(Sokdang Academic Research Institute of Traditional Culture Dong-A University)
학술지명
石堂論叢(JOURNAL OF SOKDANG ACADEMIC RESEARCH OF TRADITIONAL CULTURE)
권호사항
발행연도
1978
작성언어
Korean
KDC
911.005
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
175-216(42쪽)
제공처
소장기관
1) Today the life of the consuming masses has become convenient owing to the rapid renovation of the modern technology. But on the other hand, the masses of consumers are apt to be subjected to damage caused by peused by defective products on their life, health and property. The typical damages dy the defective products are such ones that are broughe by deteriorated food-stuffs, unwholesome drugs and defective motorcars. Now such damages to the consuming masses have rapidly increased and spread widly with the expansion of enterprises and mass production of the monopolistic goods. Thus the problem of products liability has come to be one of serious social problems throughout the world. Our country is also confronted with grave problems of consumers` protection due to the aftermath of rapid economic progress. Especially the deep concern has been focused on the legal remedy against damges brought by defective goods. 2) But the consumers damages brought by defective goods are the results of unequal transaction between two parties; the manufacturers that dominate the market through sales net works and the consumers who have lost the consumers` right to be forced to buy goods just relying on the sellers` advertisement. So the damage has the characterstic of what is called `structural damage` which means the universality of damage, vast range of its scope, the obscurity of liability and the difficulty to prove negligence. The existing civil law could not forsee such a type of trespass at the beginning of its formation. Consequently the proper settlement of products liability can not be expected by the application of traditional principles of the existing civil law which is fundamentally base on the principle of negligence. This means the urgent need to establish new legal principles applicable to products liability which is a new type of trespass. 3) The final purpose to form a special theory of products liability is in short to establish principles of absolute liability through omitting or mitigation of the burden of proof of the plaintiff, and to magnify the scope of subject of liability and the range of compensation in the sphere of products liability. Hitherto various legal theories as stated in this acticle have been asserted to attain this purpose. But most of them have attempted to attain this panpose through temporizing revisions of the existing principles of civil law. Constquently the civil remedy for damage brought by defective goods has become unadequate and unprofitable one to consumers. 4) The purpose of this article is to establish new proper principles which are applicable to the products liability in our legal system through comparative stud of the products liability in America, Japan, and Germany etc. As to the legal theory of the products liability there have been maintained several theories such as; a) the principle of contract liability which contains the principle of warrant of defect and the one of default of obligation like warranty in american law, b) tort liability c) the absolute liability of tort in American law, d) and the original absolufe liability base on characteristics of products liability. These principles except the last one attempt to gain the substantial effect of absolute liability through roundabout an conservative modification of the traditional legal theories. But the theory of absolute liability has been admitted as a established one in the field of public nuisance which is smiliar to the products liability as a new trespass. In Japan as well as in other advanced countries which has similar legal system to ours, the principle of absolute liability seems to have developed into almost a fixe original theory in the sphere of products liability growing up from a passing theory toward substantial absolute liability. In our country too, the absolute liability seems to be settled as a origiaal theory in the products liability in the near future. The legal sphere of the produces liability is likely to develop in the future into another legal order of social law as the case of the law of public nuisance and labor law.
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