『三國史記』에 기록된 醫藥內容 분석 = Study on Medical Record in 『the Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms』

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We tried to observe the features of ancient medical practice by analysing the records related to medicine in the book, 'the Historical Records of the Three Kingdomsd of which content includes the features of medicine in mythology, plague, celivery of twins, drugs, medical system, shamanism, constitutional medicine, psychiatry, forensic medicine, deformity, a spa, medical phrase, health and welfare v,7ork, religion, death, physiological anatomy, Taoist medicine, acupuncture, the occult art of transformation and etc. Our initial concern was about where to draw line as of nredica.l field and we defined medicine in more broad meaning.
The book 'the Historical Records of the Three Kingdomsd describes the world of mythology by way of medicine which is not clearly a conventional one.
There appears records of birth of multiple offsprings 7 times in which cases are of triplets or more. Delivering multiple offsprings were rare phenomenon though such fertility was highly admired. This shows one aspect of ancient country having more population meant more power of the nation. Of those medical records conveyed in that book includes stories of childbirth such as giving birth to a son after praving, giving birth to Kim Yoo-shin after 20 months after mother's dream of conception, and a song longing for getting a laudable child.
Plagues were prevalent throughout winter to spring season and one can observe various symptoms of plagues in the record. Of these epidemic diseases, cold type might have been more common than the heat one. Appearance of epidemic diseases frequently coincided with that of natural disasters that this suggests a linkage between plague and underlying doctrine on five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors.
There exists only a few names of diseases such as epidemic disease, wind disease, and syndrome characterized by dyspnea. Otherwise there appeared only afflictions that were not specified therefore it remains cluless to keep track of certain diseases of prevalence. Since this 'Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms'd wasn't any sort of medical book, words and terms used were not technical kind and most were the ones used generally among lay people. Therefore any mechanisms of the diseases were hardly mentioned.
Some of medicinal substances such as Calculus Bovis, Radix Ginseng, Gaboderma Luciderm, magnetitum were also in use in those days.
53 kinds of dietary supplies appears in the records and some of these might have been used as medicinal purpose.
Records concerning dicipline of one's body includes activities such as hunting, archery, horseback riding etc.
In Shilla dynasty there were positions such as professor of medicine, Naekongbong(I'~J#1,:*), Kongbong's doctor( *9 ), Kongbong's diviner(* F 0). As an educational facility, medical school was built at the first year of King Hyoso's reign and it's curricula included various subjects as 'Shin Nong's Herbal classics, 'Kabeul classic of acupuncture and moxbustiond, 'The Plain Questions of the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicines, 'Classic of Acupunctures, 'The Pulse Classics, 'Classic of Channels and Acupuncture Pointsd and 'Difficult Classics. There were 2 medical professors who were in charge of education. To establish pharmacopoeia, 2 Shaji4ft, 6 Sha(5P-), 2 Jongshaji(ft*0) were appointed. In Baekje dynasty, Department of Herb was maintained.
Doing praying for the sake of health, doing phrenology also can be extended to medical arena. Those who survived over 100 years of age appear 3 times in the record, while 98 appears once.
The earliest psychiatrist Nokjin differentiated symptoms to apply either therapies using acupuncture and drug or psvchotherapv.