16세기초 청도지역 사림의 활동 : 甁齋 朴河澄을 중심으로 with Park Ha Jing as the central figure = The Activity of Salim(土林) in Cheongdo(淸道) District in the 16th Century

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Park Ha Jing(朴河澄;1484~1566) lived in Choseon Dynasty when the political situation was very difficult. The majority of new Salim(scho1ars) met with disasters during the four Sahwas, literati purges(士禍) including the Muosahwa(戊午士禍). But this was the process to hand down the political ideology to the next generation. Because of the confused political situation of that time, it was natural that many Sanlim scholars were produced. By the 17th century, many scholars called Sanlimcheosa(山林處士) were produced in many provinces. But it was well known fact that many scholars of this kind had already existed in the 16th century.
Park Ha Jing was the man who first immigrated to Cheongdo district as the family name Milyang Park and was the grandchild of So Go Gong. He was appointed Saganwon Jeong-eon(司諫院正言) by King Jungjong(中宗) at the age of 32, but he soon quitted his position and went back to his hometown. After 5 years of his retirement, Gimyosahwa(己卯士禍) broke out. His elder brother Park Ha Dam was recommended for the Hyeonryanggwa(賢良科) but he refused and applied himself to his study.
After Hyeonryanggwa being abolished, they did their role as Cheosa(處士) scholars concentrating on their studies, enjoying nature in Mt. Unmun with Kim Dae Yu(金大有;1479~1560) who returned to his hometown, Cheongdo. At that time many Salim were produced in Cheongdo including Kim Il Son(金馹孫;1464~1498). Also there were many recluse Salim because of Sahwa. Consequently, it was possible that many Cheosa scholars were produced in Cheongdo because Cheongdo was recognized as the central district of Salim naturally with having the local characteristics.
Park Ha Jing began to study Sohak(小學) and practice it from the age of 8. He also practiced Jujagarye(朱子家禮) and promoted the spread of it. Academic features, then, was a phase that changed from Sajanghak(詞章學) to Dohak(道學) giving the first consideration to Gyeonghak(經學). So it was an urgent thing that Seongrihak(Neo-Confucianism, 性理學) ethics was practiced and spread. Gimyosalim(己卯士林) promoted the spread of Sohak and Jujagarye in Yeongnam province. They taught people Seongrihak ethic with Park Ha Dam, Kim Dae Yu, Jo Sik, Lee Hwang. They also satisfied themselves with their scholastic desire with relating to Seong Su Chim, Lee Yeon Gyeong. It was evident that Cheosa scholars including Park Ha Jing had the limit of their ability from practical views of their studies and times.
So far, Such as the inclination of the phase of undeveloped philosophy, they taught and practiced Seongrihak ethic in person, demonstrating Sohak and Garye. The social activities such as promoting the spread of Hwyangeumjurye(鄕飮酒禮) and founding Sachang(社倉) were their necessary things to make their intellectual bases. In this aspect, they took the lead compared to other districts.
Owing to these backgrounds, 14 righteous persons(義士) were produced in the So Go Gong(嘯皐公)'s families, They could defeat the Japanese troops during the Yimjinwoaeran. With this as a momentum, Salim took the lead of Cheongdo distric communities.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 청도지역 사림세력의 성장배경
• 1. 조선초 청도 재지사족의 성장
• 2. 16세기초 정치·사회적 배경과 청도사림
• Ⅲ. 16세기 처사형 사림 朴河澄의 활동
• 1. 朴河澄의 가계 및 교유관계
• 2. 朴河澄의 현실의식과 학문세계
• Ⅳ. 맺음말