한국 언론의 페미니즘 보도 변화와 의미: 2014-2023년 주요 일간지 보도 내용에 대한 STM 분석을 중심으로 = Changes and Meanings in Korean Media Coverage of Feminism: A Structural Topic Modeling (STM) Analysis of Major Daily Newspapers, 2014–2023

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzes media coverage related to feminism in major South Korean daily newspapers from 2014 to 2023. Using Structural Topic Modeling (STM), the study identifies and examines 14 distinct topics, investigating whether the coverage of feminist issues differs depending on the political orientation of the newspapers. It also explores changes in topic prevalence before and after 2019 － the midpoint of the research period and the year when the term “Idaenam” (men in their twenties) emerged in public discourse. The analysis reveals that the five most prominent topics over the past decade were “Idaenam Politics and Feminism,” “Feminism,” “Women’s Narratives,” “Misogyny and Backlash,” and “Sex Crime Controversies,” which together accounted for 52% of the overall coverage. This trend suggests that feminist issues have frequently been framed in relation to politics and conflict, often emerging within anti-feminist contexts. A comparison of conservative and progressive newspapers indicates notable differences in topic selection. Conservative outlets more frequently covered “Sex Crime Controversies,” “Idaenam Politics and Feminism,” and “Misogyny and Backlash,” while progressive outlets, though they did not dominate the overall agenda, more frequently addressed topics such as “Feminism,” “Political Philosophy and Feminism,” “Inequality and Feminism,” “Reproductive Rights and Feminism,” and “Sexual Minorities and Feminism.” Notably, before 2019, topics such as “Feminism,” “School MeToo and Campus Backlash,” “Feminist Art and Cultural Politics,” and “Political Philosophy and Feminism” were more commonly discussed. In contrast, after 2019, there was a marked rise in coverage of “Sex Crime Controversies,” “Inequality and Feminism,” and “Idaenam Politics and Feminism.” Considering that the topic of “Inequality and Feminism” is closely linked to the global context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it can be inferred that, after 2019, feminism in South Korean media discourse became increasingly framed as a political controversy. This shift reveals that the discursive landscape － potentially broadened by the feminist reboot － narrowed significantly after 2019, converging around issues of anti-feminism and politics.