정서예측 및 회상의 정확성에 있어 특질불안의 효과 = Trait anxiety as a moderator for the accuracy of affective forecasting and recall

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Anticipating the affective consequences of their decisions are important for people's behaviors, yet the accuracy of affective forecasting and affective recall tend to be not great. The present study focused on the impact of trait anxiety as a source of individual differences on the biases of affective forecasting and recall. Two weeks before the midterm exam, 106 college students were asked to predict positive and negative feelings that they anticipated to experience during the midterm exams. The trait anxiety and depression were also measured during the Time 1. On the midterm exam day, the participants reported the affects they were experiencing (Time 2). Two weeks after the exam (Time 3), the participants were asked to recall the affects they reported during the Time 1. Finally, two weeks after the Time 3, the participants were requested to recall the affects they reported during the Time 2 (Time 4). Results indicated that the participants showed the impact bias in the affective forecasting and recall of affective forecasting, only in regard to positive affects. On the other hand, trait anxiety was related to the impact biases in both positive and negative affects. This tendency was generally found even the impact of depression was statistically controlled. The implications of present results to the nature of affective forecasting and the psychotherapy for anxiety were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

정서에 대한 예측은 한 개인의 행동을 결정하는데 중요한 역할을 하지만, 정서예측 및 회상의 정확도는 낮은 편이다. 본 연구는 특질불안에 따라 정서 예측과 예측의 회상, 경험의 회상에서 충격편향이 발견하는지를 확인하고자 고안되었다. 106명의 대학생들은 1차 시점에서 특질불안과 우울을 측정한 후, 2주 후에 있을 중간고사에서 경험하게 될 긍정, 부정정서를 예측토록 하였다. 중간고사가 종료된 직후 당시의 정서를 2차 시점에서 측정하였고, 2주 후 3차 시점에서 1차 시점시 예측한 정서를 회상해 보도록 하였다. 또 다시 2주 후의 4차 시점에서는 2차 시점인 중간고사에서 경험한 정서를 회상하고, 앞으로 있을 기말고사에 대한 정서를 예측해 보도록 하였다. 4번에 걸친 측정치를 바탕으로 예측, 예측 회상, 경험 회상시의 편향도를 계산한 결과, 긍정정서에 있어 정서예측과 예측치 회상의 편향이 확인되었다. 반면 특질불안은 긍정정서와 부정정서 모두에 있어 정서예측 및 예측회상의 편향과 관련이 되었다. 특질불안의 효과는 우울의 효과를 통제한 이후에도 유의미하였다. 이 연구 결과의 의미와 심리치료에의 함의에 대해 논의하였다.

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