분단국가의 인구 동원과 비무장지대 관리 (1953~1963년) : 대성동 생활 개선 사업과 한국 정부・미국의 개입을 중심으로 = Population Mobilization and DMZ Management in a Divided State (1953-1963) : Focusing on the Daeseong-dong Life Improvement Project and the Intervention of the Korean Government and the United States

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study focused on Daeseong-dong as a contradictory place of population mobilization in a divided country. The DMZ, a buffer zone established based on the division border to prevent the spread of conflict situations, is an area to protect the entire population and territory of a divided country. In order to strengthen the character of this area, the residents of Daeseong-dong who were left behind were a population mobilized to ensure safety, separate from the population guaranteed safety.
Daeseong-dong's population management and administrative operation show that the armistice regime formed an overlapping area of administrative authority and was maintained under the United States' policy toward underdeveloped countries during the Cold War. In actual the life improvement project in Daeseong-dong showed a pattern of competition between the Korean government and the United Nations Command which are overlapping management authority over Daeseong-dong. The life improvement project was carried out with the goals of modernization, implantation of Western-style democracy, and construction of an ‘Ideal Village’ as part of the U.S. Cold War policy targeting underdeveloped countries, but the actual content of the Daeseong-dong project was to establish a system for stable operation of the demilitarized zone. Also, residents were not satisfied with the result and opposed to the Daeseong-dong life improvement project. Then, the UNC intervened in administration by reorganizing the existing village organization. The self-governance capacity of residents was undervalued, and ‘self-help’ was limited to supplementing the policies of the government and USOM by providing labor and resources on their own. In the end, the mobilization of the Daeseong-dong population shows the operation of the armistice regime that was developed to limit daily life for the purpose of stable operation of the demilitarized zone. Also, this is the other side of this ‘Ideal Village’ as the limitations that arise when the population is mobilized for the stable management of the demilitarized zone.