노동정치 : 베네수엘라의 좌파정권과 노동조합운동의 딜레마 = The Leftist Regime and the Dilemma of Labor Union Movement in Venezuela

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The labor union movement was expected to strengthen its organizational capacity in a close relationship with the pro-labor leftist Chavez regime in Venezuela. The labor union movement, however, has gone through incessant internal strife and organizational division, while a series of general strikes in demand for the resignation of president Chavez have manifested its relationship with the government far from being a cordial one. It is the objective of this study to explain why the labor union movement couldn`t grow stronger under a pro-labor leftist regime, why the labor union movement got involved in conflict with the government, and what kind of dilemma the labor union movement faced with and which strategic choice it tended to take. Although the Chavez regime kept highlighting its break with the 4th Republic, it couldn`t hide a significant extent of continuity regarding government`s active interference in labor union activities and industrial relations as well as the strong accountability of labor union movement to political parties. Owing to its accountability to the ruling parties of the 4th Republic, the CTV has waged general strikes against the Chavez regime. After all, the pro-Chavez forces built its own labor union confederation, UNT and thus formed a dual structure of labor union movement in Venezuela In this regard, the Chavez period presents a striking contrast with the 4th Republic with the monopolistic status of CIV. The pro-Chavez UNT was required to take the initiative of defending the Chavez regime against the incessant overthrow attempts while it was required to secure the autonomy of labor union movement from external forces including political parties and the Chavez regime above all. The UNT was forced to fall into a dilemma in the sense that the political imperative to defend the leftist regime and the classist imperative to secure union autonomy could contradict each other as both could not be realized at the same time. Owing to this dilemma, the UNT couldn`t avoid conflict between two blocs over the control and strategic position of UNT: one is the FSBT-led corporatist bloc which prioritizes the political imperative and the other is the CCURA-led classist bloc which prioritizes working class questions. This type of underlying organizational division makes it difficult for the UNT to strengthen its organizational capacity. In the end, the classist CCURA itself was divided into two segments over the formation of a new pro-Chavez party, so that the UNT came to lose its organizationa resources further for its own revitalization and working class formation, while the corporatist bloc came to consolidate its control further over the pro-Chavez labor union movement.

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