은평구 ‘천부지모비’의 성격과 변천 과정 연구 = A Study on the Characteristics and Transition Process of Cheonbujimobi(天父地母碑) in Eunpyeong-gu(恩平區)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis is a study examining the nature and transition process of Cheonbujimobi(天父地母碑) in Eunpyeong-gu(恩平區), which was located in the playground of Bulgwang Middle School and was moved to the mountain behind Bulgwang Middle School in 1975.
There are numerous village guardian deity shrines everywhere in Korea. Although it has disappeared a lot now, Seonangdang(shrine to the village deity) or Sinmok(a tree sacred to the gods) is still often built at the entrance to rural villages or in the center of the village. Since ancient times, the Korean people have tried to spread the brightness of the sky and the brightness within themselves to the world, and it has been passed down through the form of Heavenly ritual practice and Heavenly rituals. As Heavenly Ritual, which was initially practiced at the top of the mountain, gradually came down to the village, the place where Heavenly Ritual was practiced became Seonangdang, and in addition to Seonangdang, various behaviors such as Sinmok, Jangseung(Korean traditional totem pole), Sotdae(a pole signifying prayer for a good harvest), and Seondol(Menhir) were changed.
The Cheonbujimobi Monument in Eunpyeong-gu is an example in which a village shrine is transmitted in the form of a monument, not in the form of Heavenly ritual shrine like Seonangdang. Initially, when it was located in the playground of Bulgwang Middle School, a monument was enshrined in the shrine, but in 1975, when Bulgwang Middle School expanded the playground, the shrine was removed and only the monument was moved to the mountain behind Bulgwang Middle School.
As a result of studying Cheonbujimobi, it was confirmed that Cheonbujimobi is a type of Heavenly ritual shrine among the hilly Heavenly ritual facilities with surround lake located in the middle of the mountain that goes up Bukhansan Mountain geographically and acts as a natural surround lake. Considering that the locations of old Altars on the west side of Baekdusan Mountain, which are the prototype of Heavenly ritual Altar, and Niuheliang (牛河梁) Altars, are also located in a good place for many people to gather and perform in Heavenly ritual.
In terms of content, Cheonbujimobi contains the idea of the Korean people’s Samwon(三元). The monument is carved with people represented by heaven and earth and Kim Mae-wol so that they do not forget the idea of Samwon, the heaven and earth of our nation. In addition, the value of Cheonbujimobi was confirmed by the connection with the transmission of Bob-Halmoni(Cooked-rice Grandmother).
In other words, it was confirmed that Cheonbujimobi was the Heavenly ritual Altar, which was related to the Heavenly ritual of the Korean people, which was dedicated to Bob-Halmoni. It can be said that the cultural value as a Heavenly ritual Altar of Cheonbujimobi, which is handed down in the form of a monument, is sufficient for the hilly Heavenly ritual facilities with surround lake the best location of the Korean Heavenly ritual Altar since 4,000 years before AD. In the meantime, relics such as Cheonbujimobi, which have remained so far, can be easily found throughout the country, even in the form of a monument, not in the form of Heavenly ritual Altar. It is hoped that there will be more cases in which the value of the cultural heritage is re-recognized and restored as a Korean SunDo’s interpretation.