그림상징 유형에 따른 학령전기 아동의 개념이해 및 선호도 = Conceptual Understanding and Preference of Preschool-Aged Children According to Type of Graphic Symbols

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background and Objectives: Graphic symbols are the type of symbol used most often in the AAC intervention process for young children. The presentation of graphic symbols appropriate to the child’s level of linguistic-conceptual understanding promotes thecomprehension and usage of symbols by lessening the associated cognitive burden and learning demands. However, as the lack of domestic research on the conceptual comprehension of graphic symbols makes it difficult to obtain information on the subject, this study aimed to ascertain whether preschool-aged children experienced a significant difference in conceptual understanding and preference according to the type of graphic symbols presented. Methods: The subjects of the study were average Seoulite children between the ages of 3 and 5, 20 per age group for a total of 60 subjects. The data on comprehension accuracy and preference for the three types of graphic symbols (DAS, MT, PCS) were analyzed respectively with repeated measures ANOVA and chi-square testing. Results: Comprehension accuracy according to type of graphic symbols increased with age. Conceptual comprehension accuracy also showed a significant difference according to the type of graphic symbols presented, the comprehension accuracy of DAS being greater than those of MT and PCS. In terms of preference in types of graphic symbols, DAS was rated highest overall by all age groups. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the conceptual understanding and preference of young children differ from those of adults. Therefore a deeper consideration of these matters is necessary.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

배경 및 목적: 그림 상징은 어린 아동의 보완대체 의사소통 중재 과정에서 주로 활용되는 상징 유형이다. 아동의 언어적 개념 수준에 맞는 그림 상징의 제시는 인지적 부담과 학습 요구를 줄임으로써 상징의 이해와 사용을 촉진하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그런데 국내에서는 그림 상징에 대한 개념 이해와 관련해 연구된 바가 없기에 본 연구에서는 학령전기 아동의 그림 상징 유형에 따른 개념 이해와 선호도가 연령에 따라 유의한 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 서울에 거주하는 만 3세, 4세, 5세 일반 아동 각 20명씩 총 60명이 참여하였다. 세 가지 상징유형(DAS, MT, PCS)에 따른 그림상징 이해 정확도와 선호도를 반복측정분산분석(Repeated measures ANOVA)과 카이제곱검정(Chi - square test)을 실시하여 분석하였다. 결과: 그림 상징 유형에 따른 이해 정확도는 연령에 따라 증가하였다. 또한 개념 이해 정확도는 그림 상징 유형에 따라서도 유의한 차이가 나타나 DAS에 대한 이해 정확도가 MT와 PCS에 대한 이해 정확도보다 높았다. 그림 상징 유형에 따른 선호도는 모든 연령에서 DAS가 가장 높게 나타났다. 결론 및 논의: 본 연구 결과는 어린 아동의 그림상징에 대한 이해와 선호도가 성인과 다름을 시사한다. 따라서 이에 대한 좀 더 깊이 있는 고찰이 요구된다.

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