동아시아사 교과서 서술 내용에 관한 제언 - 동아시아의 문자 ‘한자’를 중심으로 - = Korean History as East Asian History from the Perspective of Chinese Characters

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Chinese characters, Buddhism, Confucianism, and law codes are always mentioned as the common elements of East Asian culture. But in the East Asian History textbook for high-school students, there is no chapter on Chinese characters despite the fact that Chinese characters deeply influenced the cultures and writing systems in the East Asian countries of Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. Chinese characters spread with Buddhism, Confucianism, and law codes. And they were a vehicle of these cultural elements and the main vehicle for reading and writing in East Asian countries before modern times.
Each of these three countries produceda unique writing system using Chinese characters, such as idu (吏讀) in Korea, kana (假名) in Japan,and chunom in Vietnam. Chinese characters have three aspects, form,sound, and meaning. Japan made simple syllabicscripts using the form.
But Vietnam made very difficult characters using the form, the sound,and the meaning of Chinese characters. But these characters were common in using the Chinese characters.
By some measures, Hunminjungeum (訓民正音) was devised as a phonetic alphabet for Chinese characters. It was very difficult for common people to learn Hunminjungeum easilybecauseHunminjungeum was written in Chinese and was described with phonological theory that was almost useless for ordinary life and that was above their comprehension. That Hunminjungeum was a subject for state examinations also shows that it was for the educated person. The background for devising Hunminjungeum was the foreign policy and the language policy of Joseon.
Words translated from European languages are still used extensively today, and these words shaped commonalities of culture and language among Asian countries. In particular, words translated in Japan during the Meiji period, such as “philosophy” (哲學), “religion” (宗敎), “society”(社會), “individual” (個人), and others, flowed into Korea.

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