都市의 母性 保健實態에 關한 調査觀察 = A Study on the Maternal Health in Urban Area
저자
吳戊姬 (友石大學校 醫科大學 豫防醫學敎室)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1968
작성언어
Korean
KDC
510.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
247-259(13쪽)
제공처
소장기관
Healthy mothers and children are the most important factors to foster a nation's health, and competent health services should be provided for them, especially for wives in pregnancy, labor and puerperium in which physical or emortional disturbances are not uncommon.
The aims of maternal health programmes are "to safe guard and case the whole course that both mother and child will conclude the experience in a healthy state, both physically and mentally" as Eastman defined.
Maternal health is highly dependent upon many factors such as cultural patterns, economic status, educational level of the population and so forth, and the status of maternal health is one of the indices to determine above factors in a community or a nation.
Before any intelligent course of action can be taken to improve the existing status of maternal health in any community, an evaluation of the situation should be under taken.
The surveys on maternal health in rural areas were reported by Yoon(1960), Cha(1964), Kang(1966) and Oh(1966), but data from urban areas in which social, cultural and economic conditions are different from the rural areas have been found very few in the literature.
Therefore, this paper describes the results of the survey on the actual status of maternal health in the urban area of Seoul city with the objective of evaluation and planning for maternal health activities in the future.
The survey was made of 3,413 pregnant women who registered at the materal health clinic, Sung Dong Health Center, Seoul City. The study period covered from Jan. 4, 1964 to Dec. 31, 1967.
Summary
1. The age distribution of mothers and husbands showed that the most frequent age group encountered was 25-29 years or 49. 2% of the total pregnant women and that for husbands was 30-34 years or 41. 4% of the total. The average age for mothers was 28.7 and 33.8 for husbands.
2. The educational level of mothers was 55.2% for primary school and 58.2% of husbands were at middle or high school level.
3. The occupational classification of husbands revealed that 27.9 % of the total were merchants, 21.6% laborers, 12.0%, the unemployed. The yearly change in the proportion of occupational distribution was that the unemployed decreased yearly while the merchants increased. The number of the laborers did not show any significant change during the suvey period.
4. Mother's age at the first marriage was 20-24, 63.3% of the total which showed the highest proportion and average age at marriage was 22.4 years.
5. The length of pregnancy observed at the first visit to the prenatal clinic showed 5.8 months of pregnancy on the average.
Since they had realized the importance of making visits to the prenatal clinic during the first trimester through health education, it was noticed that 30.9%, the proportion of first visits at the 9th month-pregnancy in 1964, dropped to 17.7% for 1965, 10.5% for 1966 and 12.3% for 1967 respectively.
6. Of the total 3, 413 registered women 21.5% were primigravidas and 78.5 were multigravdasis and 25.3% had two experiences of the second pregnancy, which was the higest as to the order of pregnancy.
7. The average visits to the health clinic during the survey period was 4.1 times per pregnancy. The highest number of visits was 11 times which occupied 4.3% of the total and the least was one time visit, 23.6% of the total.
8. The utilization of medical facilities for deliveries were 40.3% and 59.7% of deliveries were performed at home. It was noticed that the tendency of utilizing medical facilities for deliveries increased yearly. The rate of using medical facilities by educational level revealed that 94.1 % for college graduates, 46.2 % for middle or high school levels, 35.4% for primary school and 25.3% for illiterates.
9. The number of living chiluren and the place of delivery showed an inverse association, for example, the more children the more deliveries as revealed 85.7% of home deliveries were made by mothers with 7 children, 78.5% with 6 children and 41.5% with 1 child so on.
10. Attendants at delivery were classified to be 54.6% for medical personnel and 45.4% for non-medical personnel.
The rate of physicians attended at delivery increased from 33.3% for 1964, to 57.2% for 1967, and the rate of midwives attended decreased from 16.4% for 1964 to 7.4% for 1967.
11. By educational level, 34 deliveries of college graduates were all attended by physicians and, likewise 58.2% for high school graduates, 48.0% for middle school graduates. The rate of self-delivery was 11.7% for illiterate mothers, 5.5% for middle school graduates, and 4.4% for high school graduates.
12. The rate medical attendants at delivery by the the number of living children showed that 71.3% for one child, 54.8% for two children and 50.0% for seven children The less children, the higher is the rate of attendants by physicians.
13. Out of total registered pregnant women, 722 or 21.2% had obstetrical Complication of these 583 or 80.9% had a various degree of toxemic symptoms which were classified into 350 or 49 6% for edema only, 68 or 9. 5% for edema combined with hypertension and 66 or 9.1% for albuminuria alone.
14. The survey on artificial abortion indicated that 424 or 12.4% of the total registered women had one or more experiences. The experiences were classified into 8.6% for one abortion, 2.3% for two abortions and 1.1% for three abortions. Eight women had experiences as many as 12 abortions.
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