유럽연합의 대외정책과 다층적거버넌스에 대한 연구 = EU External Policy and Multi-Level Governance

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The growing significance of the European Union(EU) raises important questions regarding the governance structure that lies behind its external policies. This article explores the EU governance structure and its processes by analyzing three different external policy areas, such as the Common Foreign and Security Policy(CFSP), the Common Commercial Policy, and the Enlargement Policy. The findings of this article present that the concept of multi-level governance is useful in describing and analyzing the main characteristics of the EU governance system even in its external relations. Therefore, it is concluded that the governance system in the EU external policies is neither exclusively supranational nor state-centric. Rather, there exist multiple tiers of decision- making and the complex interplay among various actors comprising supranational institutions, member states, sub-national authorities and private actors, which are the main features of the multi-level governance.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

유럽통합의 진전에 따라 유럽연합(EU)의 국제적 역할이 확대되면서 EU 대외정책의 거버넌스를 규명하고자 하는 학술적 연구의 필요성이 제기되어왔다. 이에 본고는 공동외교안보정책, 공동통상정책, 확대정책의 세 정책분야에 대한 분석을 중심으로 EU의 거버넌스 체계를 연구, 분석하였다. EU 대외정책에 관한 사례연구 결과 EU 대외정책과정에 공통적으로 초국적, 국가, 국가하위단위 등 다층적 수준에서 다양한 정치행위자들이 참여하며 상호작용 하는 다층적 거버넌스 체계의 특성이 심화되는 경향이 나타나고 있었다. 즉, EU 대외정책의 발전과정에는 EU 내부의 정치행위자들의 정책적 선호가 유럽차원으로 수렴되는 현상이 나타나는 동시에 점차 다양한 수준에서의 다수 정치행위자들이 적극적으로 정책결정 및 집행과정에 참여하는 권력의 분화 현상이 심화되고 있는 것이다. 이처럼 다층화된 의사결정체제에 다양한 정책행위자가 참여하며 상호작용 하는 현상은 기존의 초국가주의적 혹은 국가간주의적 이론으로는 충분히 설명되지 못하는 측면이 있다. 오히려 EU의 대외정책분야에 나타나는 특성은 다층적 거번넌스의 이론적 관점에서 보다 엄밀하게 분석, 설명될 수 있을 것으로 고려된다.

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