全南 地域의 밤나무 害蟲調査(第一報) : 種實害蟲을 中心으로 The Insects Damaging Nuts = Noxious Insects to Chestnut Trees in Chonnam Area(Ⅰ)

국문 초록 (Abstract)

1. 우리나라에서 밤나무 해충 目錄을 보면 4目 45科 133種인데 그 중 5目 26科 52種과 응애 1種을 授集하였는며 그 중 붉은 우단풍뎅이(Autoserica castanea W.), 왕주머니나방(Cryptothelea formoscicola S.), 검모무늬잎말이나방(Arcliips fuscocupreana W.)은 우리나라에서 밤나무 해충으로 記錄되지 않은 種은 授集하였다.
2. 全南에서 밤나무의 重要한 害筮은 응애(Mites)를 포함하여 9種이며 그 중 被害가 가장 심한 種은 복숭아명나방(Dichocrosis punetiferalis G.)이었다.
3. 밤바구미(Curculio dentipes R.)는 光陽昇州, 潭陽, 光山 地域에 많이 分布되어 있었으며 기타 지역은 극소수 授集 되었다.
4. Dichocrosis punetiferalis G.의 被害를 보면 포목조생은 7月 30日경에 많았고, 晩生種인 黃桃, 白桃는 8月 10日부터 15日경에 多數 落果하였다.
5. Dichocrosis punctiferals G.의 發生消長은 1化期가 6月 10日경이었고, 2化期 最盛期는 7月 30日경이었다.
6. 밤에 기생한 종실해충은 밤 하난에 한마리 기생이 48.0%로 가장 많았으며 5⁴6마리가 1.66%로 적었다.
밤 성숙기에 따른 被害果는 別差異가 없었으나 Dichocrosis punctiferalis G.가 73.5%로 가장 많았으며 다음은 Curculio dentifes가 15.4%, 밤나방(Cydia splendana H.)이 11.95로 적었다.
7. 種實 해충의 脫出孔의 부위는 밤의 부위를 8等分하여 보았을 때 腹胴部가 27.7%로 가장 많았으며 柱頭部가 0.7%로 가장 적었다.
8. Kayahos, EPN, DDVP, Elsan, Sumithion, Lebaycid, Dipterex, Padan 등 8種의 藥劑를 가지고 7月 27日, 8月 21日, 9月 16日 3回에 걸쳐 약제를 撤布한 결과 藥劑間에는 有意性이 없었으나(標準區에 比하여는 모두 有意性이 있었으며) 日字間에는 8月 21日에 撤布한 것이 다른 日字에 比하여 有意性이 있었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. About 133 species of insects belonging to 45 families of 5 orders are recorded as the hamful insects to chestnut in Korea. A total of 52 species of 26 families of 5 orders attacting chestnut were collected in Chonnam province, of which Autoserica castanea W.. Cryptothelea formoscicola S., and Archips fuscocupreana W. were the ones not listed in the records.
2. The major pests to chestnuts in Chonnam province were found to be 8 species of insects and one species of mite, but the peach pyrolied moth, Dichocrosis punctiferalis G. is considered to be the most destructive one.
3. Chestnut curculio, Curculio dentipes R. was abundantly distributed over the counties of Gwangyang, Seungju, Damyang, and Gwngsan, but it was very rare in other counties.
4. Fruit drop due to pyralid moth peaked around the end of July in a peach cultivar of pomokioseang, while this damage was most severe during August 10 to 15 in other two cultivars, Hwangdo and Baekdo.
5. The peach pyralid moth had its first maximum emergence around June 10 and the
second on around the end of July.
6. Infested nuts usualy contained 1 larva(48.0%), but were some nuts infested by as much as 5 to 6 larvae. The difference in insect damage among cultivars grouped by maturing time was not noticed. The fruit damaging insects in chesnuts were mostly peach pyralied moth(73.5%), and the others were chestnut curculio(15.4%) and nut fruit tortris, Cydia splendana H.(11.9%).
7. Insect emerging holes were most frequently found at the ventral pericarp(27.7%) and leat at the stigma(0.7%) when the nut is devide into 8 parts.
8. The results of chemical applications with 8 insecticides(Kayahos, EPN, DDVP, Elsan, Sumithion, Lebaycid, Dipterex, and Padan) at 3 different times(July 27, August 21, and September 13) showed that all the tested insecticiedes were nearly equally effective but the August 21 was the best time to apply chemicals among the three different times to control the chestnut insects.