변산반도국립공원 내 미선나무 아개체군의 생태적 특성과 관리제언 = Ecological Characteristics and Management Proposal of Abeliophyllum distichum Subpopulations in the Byeonsanbando National Park

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was carried out focused an ecololgical characteristics and habitat management of Abeliophyllum distichum subpopulations in the Byeonsanbando National Park, Korea. Among three subpopulations of the target species in the studied area, Gamaso region are known as translocation site due to the dam construction while the wild populations which is located at both the lower terrain of the Buandaem bank and Chongnim-ni, which is designated as Natural Monument No 370, is threat due to an intensive site management likes clearance of scrub amongst the Abeliophyllum plants. Vascular plant taxa in the studied sites were summarized as 182 taxa; 65 families, 143 genera, 164 species, 17 varieties and 1 form, and Gamaso area, the lower terrain of the Buandaem and Cheongnim-ni areas are summarized as 75, 102 and 89 taxa, respectively. The plant species likes persimmon tree, paulownia tree and wild mulberry tree are dominant species in the Gamaso subpopulation, while Quercus variabilis is dominant at the lower terrain of the Buandaem. The intensive site management was applied to the Cheongnim-ni subpopulation, one of the original wild habitats of the species. The population dymanics was varied; the one or two sprouting number of stems was over 87% both at Gamaso area and the lower terrain of the Buandam, while the Cheongnim-ni subpopulation recorded as 74.8%. Also three sprouting number recorded as 16% and as 9.2% for sprouting on numbers of four to eleven. The invaded species likes Chenopodium album, Rumex obtusifolius, Phytolacca americana, Pharbitis nil, Solanum lyratum, Erigeron canadensis and Erigeron annuus, were found at the wild habitat of the species, and those invaded species grow faster than Abeliophyllum plants. Among three habitats of the target species in the studied area, the habitat which in located at the lower terrain of the Buandam and Gamaso region are known as translocated due to the dam construction, and wild subpopulation at Chongnim-ni, which is designated as Natural Monument No 370, is under threatened due to an intensive site management likes clearance of scrub amongst the
Abeliophyllumplants. It is one of the evidence that Cuscuta japonica at the population indicated an intensive site management likes clearance of scrub is not proper habitat management protocol. Thus, further researches
should be followed to determine the effect of canopy removal and other disturbance factors as management techniques.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 전라북도 부안군 변산반도국립공원 내 3개 지역에 분포하는 우리나라의 희귀 및 멸종위기식물인 미선나무 아개체군을 대상으로 생태적 특성 분석과 관리방안을 강구하기 위한 것이다. 변산반도국립공원에 위치한 미선나무 아개체군 중 부안댐 제방하부 지역과 상서면 청림리 산록에 자생군락을 천연기념물 제370호로 지정한 반면, 가마소지역의 미선나무아개체군은 이식한 집단이다. 미선나무 아개체군 중 가마소 아개체군의 식생은 감나무, 오동나무 및 산뽕나무가 교목상이나, 부안댐 하부의 아개체군은 굴참나무가 우점하고 있다. 미선나무 자생지인 청림리 아개체군은 미선나무를 제외한 관목이상의 목본수종을 모두 제거한 상태였다. 미선나무 아개체군에서 확인한 식물종은 65과 143속 164종 17변종 1품종 등 총 182분류군이며, 가마소 지역, 부안댐 제방하부지역 및 청림리 지역은 각각 75종, 102종 및 89종이다. 미선나무 아개체군 동향은 가마소지역과 부안댐 하부 자생지에서 맹아의 수가 1∼2개인 개체가 87%이상이고, 나머지는 3개였으며, 총 개체 수는 각 766개체와 59개체였다. 반면, 청림리의 경우 맹아의 수가 1∼2개인 개체가 74.8%, 3개는 16% 그리고 4∼11개가 9.2%로 총 838개체를 확인하였다. 교목을 인위적으로 제거한 미선나무 자생지에는 흰명아주, 돌소루쟁이, 미국자리공, 나팔꽃, 배풍등, 망초 및 개망초 등 귀화식물이 침입하였으며, 미선나무 어린개체보다 성장이 빨라 미선나무를 피압한 상태이다. 미선나무의 자생지 보전을 위한 우선순위로 미선나무 단일종이나 수림 하에 분포하는 원 자생지의 모습 그대로를 유지하는 것이 서식지 관리에 바람직한지는 더 많은 연구가 필요하다.

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