Gender diversity : crosscultural variations

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface = ⅶ
• Introduction = 1
• Some Basic Definitions = 2
• Social Attitudes toward Sex／Gender Diversity = 4
• Sexuality and Gender Diversity = 5
• Globalization and Gender Diversity = 6
• Female Gender Diversity = 7
• Book Outline = 8
• Anthropology and Cultural Difference = 9
• 1 Multiple Genders among North American Indians = 11
• Distribution and Characteristics of Variant Sex／Gender Roles = 13
• Transvestism = 14
• Occupation = 15
• Gender Variance and Sexuality = 17
• Biological Sex and Gender Transformations = 18
• Sacred Power = 19
• The Alyha : A Male Gender Variant Role among the Mohave = 21
• Female Gender Variants = 23
• 2 Hijra and S$$\bar a$$dhin : Neither Man nor Woman in India = 27
• The Religious Context of Gender Diversity = 28
• Hijras as Not-Men = 29
• Hijras as Women and Not-Women = 30
• Religious Identifications = 31
• Hijras as Ascetics = 33
• Ritual Roles and Social Acceptance = 34
• Hijra Sexuality = 36
• Social Structure of the Hijra Community = 37
• The S$$\bar a$$dhin : A Female Gender Variant = 40
• 3 Men and Not-Men : Sexuality and Gender in Brazil = 43
• Gender Diversity : Travest$$i'$$s, Bichas, and Viados = 45
• Men and Not-Men : The Brazilian Binary = 48
• Attitudes toward Gender Diversity = 49
• Afro-Brazilian Religion = 50
• Links between Candomble and Gender Diversity = 52
• Penetration, Possession Trance, and Gender Diversity in Candomble = 54
• Changing Sex／Gender Ideologies = 55
• 4 Liminal Gender Roles in Polynesia = 57
• Gender Liminal Male Roles = 58
• Historical Contexts = 61
• Appropriations of the Feminine = 63
• Sexuality and Gender Liminality = 64
• Sexuality and Social Status = 66
• Performing Gender Diversity = 68
• Gender Liminality and the Polynesian Concept of the Person = 70
• 5 Transgendered Males in Thailand and the Philippines = 71
• The Kathoey of Thailand = 72
• Homoeroticism in Thai Culture = 74
• Transformations in Traditional Sex／Gender Ideology = 75
• Social Attitudes toward the Katheoey = 77
• Sex／Gender Diversity in the Philippines = 78
• Contemporary Constructions of Gender Diversity : Transgendered Male Homosexuality = 80
• A Woman's Heart in a Man's Body = 80
• Bakla Sexual Relationships = 81
• The Association of Transgendered Males with Beauty = 83
• Transverstite Beauth Contests = 83
• 6 Sex／Gender Diversity in Euro-American Cultures = 87
• Transvestite Female Saints = 90
• The Sworn Virgin of the Balkans = 92
• Transsexualism = 94
• Transgenderism = 97
• Intersexuality = 99
• 7 Variations on a Theme = 101
• Criteria for Constructing Sex／Gender Variation = 101
• Varying Degrees of Institutionalization = 102
• Variation in Public Recognition of Sex／Gender Transformations = 103
• Explaining Sex／Gender Diversity = 104
• Male and Female Gender Diversity = 105
• The Functions, Roles, and Significance of Sex／Gender Diversity = 105
• Glossary = 107
• References = 109
• Selected Films = 117
• Index = 119