Structure and operation of local and regional democracy : Austria : situation in 1999 : report adopted by the Steering Committee on Local and Regional Democracy (CDLR) in December 1999

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1. LEGAL BASIS = 5
• 1.1. Constitutional provisions = 5
• 1.2. Main legislative texts concerning local／regional authorities = 7
• 2. STRUCTURE OF LOCAL／REGIONAL AUTHORITIES = 7
• 2.1. Main subdivisions = 7
• 2.2. Statistical data = 7
• 2.3. Special structures = 8
• 2.4. Procedures governing changes in structures = 8
• 2.5. General units of state administration at local／regional level = 9
• 3. ORGANS OF EACH CATEGORY OF LOCAL OR REGIONAL AUTHORITY = 10
• 3.1. Deliberative body = 10
• 3.2. Executive body = 10
• 3.3. Political head of the local／regional authority = 11
• 3.4. Head of administration = 11
• 4. DIRECT CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN DECISION-MAKING = 12
• 4.1. Referendums = 12
• 4.2. Other forms of direct participation = 13
• 5. STATUS OF LOCAL ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES = 13
• 5.1. Conditions for standing in local elections = 13
• 5.2. Incompatibility of functions = 13
• 5.3. Financing of electoral campaigns = 14
• 5.4. Term of office = 14
• 5.5. Duties and responsibilities = 14
• 5.6. Working conditions = 15
• 5.7. Remuneration = 15
• 5.8. Representation of the sexes = 16
• 6. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS IN LOCAL／REGIONAL AUTHORITIES = 16
• 6.1. Constitutional provisions = 16
• 6.2. Participation in economics and spatial planning = 16
• 6.3. Delegated competencies = 16
• 6.4. Proposals for change in the distribution of power = 17
• 7. CO-OPERATION AND OTHER TYPES OF LINKAGE BETWEEN LOCAL／REGIONAL AUTHORITIES = 21
• 7.1. Associations of municipalities = 21
• 7.2. Agreements concluded by the L$$\ddot a$$nder = 22
• 7.3. Representation of interests = 22
• 7.4. Co-operation with counterparts in other countries = 23
• 8. FINANCE = 24
• 8.1. Taxes = 24
• 8.2. Grants = 26
• 8.3. Arrangements for financial equalisation = 26
• 8.4. Other sources of income = 27
• 8.5. Borrowing = 27
• 8.6. Economic control exercised by higher authorities = 27
• 9. SUPERVISION OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION = 28
• 10. REMEDIES FOR INDIVIDUALS AGAINST DECISIONS OF LOCAL／REGIONAL AUTHORITIES = 29
• 11. LOCAL／REGIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL = 29
• 11.1. Civil service governed by public law = 30
• 11.2. Employment under private law = 30
• 12. REFORMS ENVISAGED OR IN PROGRESS = 30
• APPENDIX = 31