三韓과 百濟의 社會風俗史硏究 = A Study on the Toongii Sphere and A history of the Social customs of the Han·Baekche Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The toongii race was included in a large group of tribes Tongho, Hyungno (Huns), Turky and mongolia; and the group is called the Tungus Race in a broad sense and considered as a race having originated in the area of the Baikal.
The plateau of Mongolia was the sphere of their living for a while before they moved to the north-east plain of Manchuria over the Great-Shinganring Mountains and the north-east area of China. of whom. one of the groups belonging to the toongii Race was greatly influenced by the Paleo-Siberian culture along with the religious faith for the bear, the deer, and the tiger widely believed in by them. The Paleo-Siberians had lived the area of the Baikal before the Toongii Race did and the Sphere of the Baikal culture was the place of a confluence of the north Eurasian kammkeramik culture and the Near-East agricultural culture. And it is blieved that they had lived in the sphere of ancient chinese culture, mainly in chiangsu, Sandoong and Hopei, along with the proper-Chinese for a while from the neolithic era of 3000s B.C. until the era of west-chou.
Afterwards, some people of the race moved the Han (Koran) peninsula through the Liao-Ning area near pohai coast, after the Paleo-Siberians who had kammkeramik and they formed the Korean ancient society along with people of Red-coarse pottery culture who came to Korea later.
It is understood, through the picture in the stone room called "Mussisa-suksil", Kasanghyn, Sandoong-Sung, China, which shows the fighting between an ancient Chinese emperor and an chief of the Toongii Race, that the fact that the Toongii Race depended upon bear totem accords with the Dan-Kun mythology.
The other group of the Toongii Race became the Yemaek Race of Red-coarse pottery culture in to which kammkeramik had been changed and developed and they have been found to be the master of Dolmen and stone-slabbed graves according to the fact that their cemetery system and style are different from those of China.
They are the ancestors of the present Korean people, who originated in the area of the Baikal, passed over the Great and Small singanring through Mongolia, and settled in the north-east plains of Manchuria, the upper and middle reaches of the sung ri and in the Han Peninsula. And some of them are understood to have moved west to the Sandoong area which was the coast of pohai. through the area of Liao-Toong.
The formation of the Ancient Korea, the beginning of the Korean history, is presumed to be about 12nd century B.C. which is considered to be a changing period from neolithic era to Red-coarse pottery era. It is based upon various conditions of their agricultural lives, theocracy, use of bronze ware, letters, law and customs, slavery system, family system, differenciation of a class, and cemetery system etc.
The name of "Han" does not began from the country of Han (china) in the era of Junkuk, but from the King Han, a Toonii race, who seemed to have ascended to the throne about 9 century B.C., the period of the King Sun of west-chou.
The name of Mahan means Southern Han and Jinhan means East Han, and Byonhan comes from Bunhan of Liao-Toong. They came down south and settled, in the order of Mahan, Jinhan and Byonhan.
The society of Early Sam Han had the northern cultural factors as fundamental character for its own culture, through 300's B.C. to fifties B.C., the foundation period of Samkuk, and coexisted with the period of original Samkuk, and had been in the sphere of the Han's culture in the era of Latter samkuk for 300 years since the Christian era.
The society of Han, ancient Korean society, had the culture factors of the northern horse riding race as fundamental character for its culture. It is diffecult to point out evidently that those facts come from any one of the races, Hyungno (Huns), Turky, Mongolia, Shenbi, etc. For instance, Dongho also, who was the direct introducer of the northern bronze ware and the most similarity to the Korean society, had the various compound factors of Turky, Tungus and Hyungno. At any rate, it cannot be denied that the Korean culture was influenced by the culture of Han from the end of the neolithic era, or from the beginning of the broze ware era. And the Korea culture happened to be developed into the period of Samkuk by the inflow of the Han's culture, with the original factors of northern culture compounded, from about 200 B.C. when Han kun-Hyon Rule arose.
According to the references of the Samkuk era, the regular trade between nations began with the period of East-Jin, about the end of the 4th century when was the period of the Baekche Dynasty's King Kun cho ko.
However, it is found that Baekche Dynasty had been greatly influenced by the culture of Han since the 3rd century when was the formation period of ancient nations, as the connection style mausoleum influenced on the mausoleum of silla founder. Such influence of the Han's culture and many chinese classics mean that the learned and officials had high level of learning.
The characteristics of agricultural lives which the people of Red-coarse pottery age, who lived in the Hilly districts, lived continued even in the society of the Baekche Dynasty which had already entered the period of history on record. It is also understood that the rigid and cruel laws on treason and retreat come from the northern horse riding race through the valorous Kokuryo People.
The customs of marriage, mourning, religion, and recreations were based on the proper tradition. On the other hand they also had the factors of compound society on which the Chinese customs effected, but had a connection with Booyo and Jinhan.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序 論
• Ⅱ. 東夷族과 韓國古代文化圈에 關하여
• Ⅲ. 三韓의 社會風俗史에 關하여
• Ⅳ. 百濟의 社會風俗과 服飾에 關하여
• Ⅰ. Preface
• Ⅱ. A Study on the Toongil Race and the Sphere of the Korean Ancient Culture.
• Ⅲ. A Study on the History of the Han Dynastic Social Customs.
• Ⅳ. A Study on the Baekche Social Custons and Her Dresses and Its Ornaments
• Ⅴ. Conclusion