만화를 통한 유아의 삶읽기 = Preschooler's Reading of Life Through Animation
저자
주은희 (한양여자전문대학 유아교육과 )
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1996
작성언어
Korean
KDC
337
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
176-208(33쪽)
제공처
소장기관
The purpose of this study was to analyze the scenes related to gender-des-crimination and violence in children's animations televised during August and September of 1996 in Korea. In order to achieve this purpose, the following analyses were carried out:
1. The gender-discrimination shown in animations was analyzed according to the characteristics and behavior of the major characters.
2. The frequency and duration of violence shown in animations was analyzed according to recognized classification such as hostile vs instrumental, and physical vs verbal.
3. In order to examine children's reactions to the animations, their drawings were interpretated and their behavioral changes as monitored by their mothers were documented.
The subjects for this study were 84 preschoolers attending one kindergarten in Seoul and another in Kyunggi-do. The data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods.
The research findings were as follows:
1. The descriptions of male and female in the animations were stereotypical:characteristics of the male were described as wise, brave, with leadership, and problem-solving abilities, though obstinate ; whereas those of the female were described as passive, dependent, easily excited, talkative, and lacking in problem-solving and decision-making abilities. There were some female characters with masculine features, however, were evil characters. Some female characters were treated as sexual objects.
2. After watching the most popular animations the children's drawings showed a marked gender-segregation:more than half of the subjects in the study, mostly girls, preferred drawing steteotypical female heroines scantily dressed in gaudy outfits. It is an important note that most girls' drawings included a supporting figure in addition to the main heroine. This leads to the inference that most girls identify themselves with the characteristics of a supporting figure. Conversely, less than half of the subjects, mostly boys, preferred to draw robots. This leads to another inference that these children were not aware of the source of control behind robot.
3.The major content of the most favored animations were science-fiction models of which there seven. There was one human model and 2 mixed models.
4. According to the children's responses the reasons for their preference of those animations were as follows:Firstly, exciting fights, second, a transformative feature and third, a charming hero or heroine.
5. The most frequent type of violence was the instrumental-physical attack. Its mean of frequency was 1.04 per minute. In on animation film, the longest duration of violence was 7.50 minutes.
6. The results of parents' monitoring have shown the following:First boys tend to watch more violent animations than girls. Second, these children tend to behave more violently after watching these animations, especially the science-fiction model. This tendency was congruent with the implications of childrens' drawings.
It was concluded that the dominant science-fiction models of animation may influence children's behavior in a violent way and the gender-descrimination shown in the animations may negatively affect children's sex-role socialization. On the basis of the findings it is recommended that the televising of the science-fiction models be restricted and regulated. Additionally, parental participation in children's viewing is recommended in order to reduce the harmful influence of the violent and stereotypical animations.
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