日本의 古代歌聖, 柿本人麻呂는 百濟系인가?

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This manuscript considers Kakinomoto Hitomaro, who has been respected by generations as a master poet and is the representative poet of the Manyoshu, the oldest and greatest Japanese poetry anthology. It also considers his relationship with the Paekche, which was part of the Three Kingdoms in Korea--the Koguryo, the Paekche, and the Silla. Consequently, Kakinomoto Hitomaro is possibly a poet of Paekche origin; he is definitely the offspring of people of Paekche origin who moved to and lived in Japan. (In those days, Japan was called "Wae.") The following is the basis for this conclusion.

First, during the time of the Emperor Bitatsu(he was the 30th emperor of the dynasty and reigned from 572-585 A.D. according to the Nihonshoki), it is presumed that people of Paekche origin collectively dwelled in the royal court. This was called the Paekche Daejong. During the time of the Emperor Bitatsu, there were persimmon trees (gamnamu) around the house gate, so they were called Gambon because of their association with the trees (Yamoto Dynasty, 815 A.D., according to the Shinsenshyojiroku). The relationship between Gambonsshijok, the Paekche, and the Emperor Bitatsu cannot be directly explained ; however, we can somewhat infer the relationship between Kakinomoto Hitomaro and the Paekche.
Second, we can infer that Hitomaro was a poet of Paekche origin because of the relationship between his birthplace and the Paekche. Namely, the emperor's royal court was of Paekche origin, and there were definitely many people of Paekche origin living there. It is possible that Paekche Daejong and Yamoto Prefecture Hirosegun Paekche were the same place. (Today, it is called Nara Prefecture Kitakatsuragi-gun Koryocho Paekche.) There are two things to consider. First, Hitomaro's birthplace was in the same area, and second, it is next to Kitakatsuragi-gun Shinocho Kakinomoto. There are many possibilities, among them that Hitomaro was born in a family of Paekche origins.
Third, like Kakinomoto Hitomaro, the ending -maro appeared in many ancient Japanese names, but its origin is from ancient Korean. The Paekche had an especially close relationship with that ending, and the people who moved to Japan (Dowaein: 渡倭人) often had the endings -maro or -maru in their names. We cannot deny the relationships between Hitomaro and the Dowaein and that between Hitomaro and the Paekche.
Fourth, Hitomaro's wife, Yosamino-otome was originally of Paekche lineage. She grew up in the Nara region. Considering the relationship between Hitomaro and Yosamino-otome, we can infer that Hitomaro was possibly born in the Yamoto(Nara) region and was a poet of Paekche origin and offspring.
Fifth, Hitomaro not only writes about individual expression of emotion, but he also writes about the reality of sorrow and about following the lost. This can be seen in his representative works in which we can find the secrets of his life and career (Omi Poetry, vol. 1, no. 29～31, related works Omi Poetry, vol. 3, no. 264～266.) Also, he wrote about the special impression and emotion of the greatest political and historical event in ancient Japan­the Jinshin Rebelion of 672 A.D. At that time, the exiles of the Paekche worked very hard. Hitomaro himself felt a close identity with the Omi reign because the Omi reign gave preferential treatment to the Paekche. However, as a result of the Jinshin Rebellion, the Omi reign collapsed, and the Paekche scattered. Hiramoto's poetry captures the reality and sorrow of the exiles, and he empathizes with the exiles in his poetry.

According to the preceding information, I have concluded that Kakinomoto Hitomaro, the ancient master poet of Japan, was a poet of Paekche origin. He was definitely the offspring of people of Paekche origins who moved to Japan.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序 論
• Ⅱ. <柿本>氏族과 人麻呂의 出生地
• Ⅲ. <麻呂>의 語源과 古代韓國
• Ⅳ. 人麻呂의 妻, 依羅娘子와 人麻呂
• Ⅴ. <近江荒都歌>와 人麻呂
• Ⅵ. 結 論