성인지적 성건강의 융복합적 모형개발: 성인지 지표에 기반한 Sustainable Development Goals 국가와 북한과의 비교 연구 = Development of Gender-Sensitive Comprehensive Health Matrix: A Comparative Study on the Cases of Sustainable Development Goals Countries and North Korea Based on Gender-Sensitive Indicators

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: South Korea ranked 18th out of the 162 participating countries in the 2019 report on sustainable development goals (SDGs). Among the 17 specified goals, it has the most difficulty in achieving gender equality (SDG 5). This shortcoming is manifested in the lack of studies on gender-sensitive indicators. The study aims to establish the significance of the development of a comprehensive health matrix to concretize the concept of gender-sensitivity which is often considered as abstract.
Methods: An integrated analysis of health determinants was conducted through a convergence study involving medical, social and natural sciences. This analysis was based on both literature reviews and focus group discussions. The 6 following focal points were chosen based on the SDGs: gender equality, medicine, education, economy, nutrition, and environment. Objective quantitative indicators were then designated to each of the 6 areas and comparatively analyzed for South Korea, North Korea, and the other SDGs countries.
Four areas on sexual and reproductive health were also selected.
Results: The results indicated that South Korea scored much lower than North Korea and the other SDGs countries in terms of gender equality. It was also behind North Korea in education, although North Korea had a comparatively lower ranking in the rest of the areas. On the other hand, it fared better than the aforementioned countries with respect to environment, nutrition, medicine, and economy.
Conclusion: A comprehensive gender-sensitive health matrix was developed to refine the abstract concept of gender-sensitivity through objective quantitative indicators that assess the health status of a country by means of a scoring system. Gender equality was also confirmed as a common and significant component in the disciplines of sexual and reproductive health and comprehensive health.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 박성현, "인류의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위한 UN의 밀레니엄 발전 목표(MDGs)와 지속가능 발전 목표(SDGs)에 관한 고찰" 한국품질경영학회 42 (42): 529-542, 2014
• 2 이은주, "‘임신 전 건강관리’에 대한 남녀 지식 비교" 한국모자보건학회 22 (22): 172-179, 2018
• 3 World Bank Group, "World development indicators 2017" World Bank Group
• 4 Langer A, "Women and Health : the key for sustainable development" 386 : 1165-1210, 2015
• 5 United Nations, "The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2017" United Nations
• 6 United Nations, "The Sustainable Development Goals Report" United Nations
• 7 United Nations, "The Sustainable Development Goals Report" United Nations
• 8 Sachs J, "Sustainable development report 2019" Bertelsmann Stiftung and Sustainable Development Solutions Network 2019
• 9 World Health Organization, "Sexual health and its linkages to reproductive health: an operational approach" World Health Organization
• 10 Calvert C, "Risk factors for unplanned pregnancy among young women in Tanzania" 39 : e2-, 2013
• 11 Dulitha F, "Risk factors for teenage pregnancies in Sri Lanka : perspective of a community based study" 7 : 269-284, 2013
• 12 Mmari K, "Risk and protective factors that affect adolescent reproductive health in developing countries : a structured literature review" 4 : 350-366, 2009
• 13 Gill R, "Relevance of gender-sensitive policies and general health indicators to compare the status of South Asian women's health" 21 : 12-18, 2011
• 14 Kim EM, "Gender and the sustainable development goals" 17 : 239-244, 2017
• 15 Pradhan R, "Factors associated with pregnancy among adolescents in low-income and lower middle-income countries : a systematic review" 69 : 918-924, 2015
• 16 Delemarre-van de Waal HA, "Environmental factors influencing growth and pubertal development" 101 (101): 39-44, 1993
• 17 Im EO, "An international imperative for gendersensitive theories in women's health" 33 : 309-314, 2001
• 18 Sawyer SM, "Adolescence : a foundation for future health" 379 : 1630-1640, 2012
• 19 Starrs AM, "Accelerate progress-sexual and reproductive health and rights for all : report of the Guttmacher-Lancet Commission" 391 : 2642-2692, 2018
• 20 Mmari K, "A review of risk and protective factors for adolescent sexual and reproductive health in developing countries : an update" 53 : 562-572, 2013