夏目漱石の用字法 -「イイ,ヨイ」を中心に- = Natsume Soseki`s Rules for using Kanjis and Hiragana Letteres-Centering on "II or YOI (good)"-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

本稿では夏目漱石の主要作品17篇を取り上げ「イイ·ヨイ」を中心に用字法を考察した。漱石は「イイ·ヨイ」をひらがなと9つの漢字を使って表しているが、雜誌揭載か新聞揭載なのか、また小說か隨筆なのかによって、「イイ·ヨイ」の表記に違いが見える。その違いは次の通りである。 (1)雜誌揭載作品5篇は、『吾輩は猫である』の前半(6話まで)を除いて、ひらがなの使用が壓倒的に多い。漢字の使用は「好」と「善」が主流である。 (2) 新聞揭載作品12篇の中で、最初に書かれた2作『虞美人草』と『坑夫』は、ひらがなの使用において、また新聞揭載作品を特徵づける「可」と「能」の使用、特に「能」において、雜誌揭載作品と新聞揭載作品の中間的性格を帶びている。 (3) 新聞に揭載された『三四郎』以降の8つの小說では、ひらがなの使用が雜誌揭載作品よりかなり少なくなっている。漢字の使用では、「イイ」における「可」では作品ごとに使われ方に起伏が見られるが、「ヨイ」での「能」では通常多用される「好」よりも多く使われた作品も見られるほど高い比重の使用が特徵的である。 (4) 新聞に揭載された2つの隨筆は、ひらがなと漢字の使用の局面において(1)から(3)の作品群と似樣相を示しており、今回檢討した15の小說の傾向を全て部分的に有するものと言える。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

I took up major 17 works of Soseki Natsume in this report and considered rules for using Kanjis and Hiragana letters centering on "II or YOI(good)." Soseki represented "II or YOI" using Hiragana letters and nine Kanjis. Differences are seen for the notation of "II or YOI" whether it is a magazine publication or a newspaper publication, and whether it is a novel or an essay. The differences are as follows. (1) 5 magazine publication works were written mostly by using Hiragana letters except for the first half of(to six episodes) "I am a CAT." As for the use of Kanjis, "好 favorite" and "善 good" were mainly used. (2) First two works "Gubijinso(The Poppy)" and "The Miner" among 12 works which were written in newspaper publication positioned between the magazine publication works and the newspaper publication works in the use of Hiragana letters, and also in the use of "可 passable" and "能 capable" which are typical of the newspaper publication works. Especially in the latter one. (3) In 8 novels after "Sanshiro" placed in the newspaper, the use of Hiragana letters is much fewer than that of the magazine publication works. As for Kanjis "可" represented for "II" are used differently in each work, and "能" represented for "YOI" are used so much that the "能" of some works are used more than "好" which are usually most common in Soseki`s works. (4) Two essays placed in the newspaper show characteristics similar to the works mentioned from (1) to (3) partially in the use of Hiragana letters and Kanjis. It may be said that they have partially all the characteristics of 15 novels which I examined in this report.