勤勞者의 意識이 統一問題에 미치는 影響 分析 = An Analysis of the Effects of Labor's Consciousness on Unification Issues in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With the process of rapid and high rate of economic growth concentrated and led by industrialization program, during the past decades, significant changes have been noted. They have created serious structural imbalance, the limping labor-management relationships and a class consciousness in so called guided capitalism in Korea. Consequently, the popular unification view would tend to prevail in whole national society.
The main purpose in this study is to analyse the effects of the labor's problemic consciousness on the conception of national unification issues. The results of this study are follows.
First, the industrial workers in Korean capitalist society consist of white collar workers including professional, technical, clerical, and sales workers etc. as well as blue collar. Thus new middle stratum seems to have labor consciousness.
Labor movement in Korea previously showed the economic interest-oriented attitude, while, since 1980s, it has been oriented to the struggle of political dimensions, noticeably after the Declaration of Democratization on June 29, 1987. In 1986, labor disputes occurred only 276 times, but rapidly rose to 3,700 cases in 1987; however, it has declined to 1,800 cases, in 1988.
Anyway, labor consider the higher economic growth as the outcome of the effort by the working people themselves and their sacrifice. It can be said that such oppositional concept was attributed to employer's ignorance of the fair mode of management which was lost by the existence of premodern management ideology. Furthermore, government intervention in labor disputes were largely one-sided in favor of the management.
Second, there is noticeable gulf between the poor and rich. Since 1980, labor's wage could not come up with their increasing rate of living cost and the gap between the two widened year after year. On average, labor wage scale shows one halt of the price of working. Therefore, the imagination that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer could be plausible. An income of the top class of only 20 percent takes possession of 42 percent of whole national income, while the lowest class of 40 percent has held only 18.9 percent of national income.
The large financial clique has represented monopolistic and oligopolistic concentration of the capital in nation wide market. Particularly, as the giant family trust, their stock holding ratio is shown to be 32.6 percent which excelled that of Japanese big trust.
Third, on consciousness of unification and class consciousness, there could be cited a set of data gathered in nation wide survey by Prod. Han Sang Jin, and The Press, Dong-a Ilbo. That is, the clerical white collar have more popular ascriptive consciousness than manufacturing labor. Conclusively, the axis of conservative, innovative, and radical ideals almost accords with middle class ascription, amphibious ascription, and popularistic ascription.
The perspectives on unification of Korea included industrial people, appeared as 'unification be possible ' by 33.1 percent of the total respondents, while 'unification not possible' by 43.6 percent of it. And the reason why it is not possible was shown as follows. That is antagonism of ideologie(45.9%), the interest conflict of big powers locates around the Korean peninsula(19.6%), and the conflicting interests of political leaders(16.9%)
Fourth, an analysis of the labor consciousness in Pusan area which affects the unification problem was executed. So data used in this analysis are collected from 9 large sized enterprises and medium sized in Pusan. The methods used were correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.
(1) Causal analysis of variables among labor's consciousness.
On consciousness of labor-management relationships, the more dissatisfactory to management they are and the higher education they have had, the more antagonistic attitudes to labor-management relationships have been revealed.
On consciousness of class conflict, the labor who have affirmative view of society are moderate to conflicting class consciousness.
(2) Analysis concerning unification issues. The influencing variables which affects the desire for unification are the view of society and of government. The more affirmative to the society and the more critical to government, the eagerer they were to desire unification. The critical view of government is meant by their feelings on the government intervention to labor-management relationships and favoring management side.
Evaluative concepts on unification policy of government is as follows: Among the influential factors, income appeared as negative(β=-.098) to the policy; i.e., the higher the income, the less satisfactory to the government policy on unification.
The view of society appeared as affirmative(β=-.188) to the unification policy. The class conflict tendency appeared as negative(β=-.110) to the government unification policy.
Finally, during the past two decades and a half, we had few normal labor policy but rapid economic growth policy. The vital matter is effective management of the distributive policy and the system. And political circles should be integrated around biparty system which consists of the conservatives and the progressives. The progressives must gradually coalesce the democratic labor movement into established political circles.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <目次> = 1
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
• Ⅱ. 韓國資本主義에서의 勞動者階級 = 3
• 1. 勞動者階級의 位置 = 1
• 2. 勞使關係의 問題性 = 8
• Ⅲ. 貧富隔差의 實態 = 10
• 1. 所得分配의 不平等 = 10
• 2. 財閥의 實態 = 12
• Ⅳ. 勞動者의 階級意識과 국민의 統一問題의식 = 13
• 1. 勞動者의 階級意識 = 13
• 2. 國民의 統一問題意識 = 14
• Ⅴ. 釜山地域 勞動者의 意識이 統一問題에 미치는 影響 分析 = 16
• 1. 分析模型의 設定과 調査設計 = 16
• 2. 勞動者의 意識間의 關係分析 = 18
• 3. 統一意識에 미치는 影響分析 = 23
• Ⅵ. 結論 = 27
• 參考文獻 = 29
• Abstract = 31