統辭變化와 透明性 原理 = Syntactic Changes and Transparency Principle

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Diachromic syntax, the study of syntactic changes is far less advanced, compared with those of phonological and morphological ones, because of the lack and uncertainty of data available and the want of theoretical grounds. It is no exaggeration to say that the study of historical linguistics before 1960s was that of phonological and morphological changes, and so the study of syntactic changes was totally neglected. Since the middle of the 1960s, diachronic syntax has received much attention from scholars such as Klima(1965), king(1969). Bynan(1977), and Jeffors and Lehiste (1979), but is still in its infancy. In this context, 1 have attempted to contribute to the building of the theory on syntactic changes by examining the description and analysis of syntactic changes in terms of the transformational generative grammar (TG) by Klima(1965) and its problems, by discussing the way of their scientific description, by considering the theories of perceptual strategy and transparency princple (TP) proposed as the theories of linguistic changes by Bever and Langendoen(1972), and Lightfoot(1979) respectively and by testing its explanatory power with concrete examples, and reached the following conculsions.
1. Klima's analysis of syntactic changes by rule changes, that is, rule reordering, may be a correct description of syntactic changes, but says nothing of the causes of the changes. I think that the correct and scientific description is the first step to diachronic syntax, and that we can rely on TG as a way of describing syntactic changes if the description by rule changes is correct.
2. As I mentioned above, the transformational component has proved to be an unlightening context in which to seek motivation for syntactic changes. Therefore, many scholars have tried to give more satisfying explanations for syntactic changes in somewhere else. There are two views concerning the causes of the changes. One of them is the theory of Perceptual str3tegy Propose,』 by Bevel and Langendoen, who explanied structual changes in relative clauses of English by means of pereceptual strategy necessary to interpret complex sentences in the language. However, we cannot account for all syntactic changes by resorting only to perceptual strategy, since changes in syntax contain a variety of complex phenomena. And the other is transparency principle by Lightfoot(1979), who explained his theory with the reanalysis of some of the impersonals as personal constructions. According to Lightfoot, there was no distinction between nominative and accusative case forms, and singular and plural forms as a result of the rigidification of SVO order and the loss of nominal and many verbal inflections, and this syntactic reanalysis took place under these phenomena of ambiquity or intransparency caused by the changes in structure. On the other hand, Traugott(1972) regarded this reanalysis as subjcetivalization, representing the view of the TG. In this sense, Lightfoot's TP representing the revised view of TG, though it is not widely accepted, is considered as well-advanced, compared with Traugott's view.
3. However, Lightfoot's principle, like Bevel and Langendoen's theory, cannot coyer all syntactic changes in that there are many factor involved, analogical, sociolinguistic psychological, cultural, social and political.
In conclusion, I agree to Lightfoots' proposal that the theories in grammar and in linguistic changes be distinguished and do propose that the extensive study of syntactic changes be made on the basis of highly structureed theory combined with TG.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1.序言
• 2.統辭變化(Syntactic changes)
• 3.統辭變化와 變形生成文法
• 4.Lightfoot의 透明性 原理(Transparency Principle)
• 5.結語