Herman Melville 硏究 : Moby Dick을 中心으로 하여 Typee to Moby Dick = Study in Herman Melville
저자
梁炳鐸 (慶熙大學校)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1959
작성언어
Korean
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학술저널
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89-150(62쪽)
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In this essay, I tried to make a modern interpretation and appreciation of Melville's works from the fact that he was rediscovered in the first quarter of the 20th century and his was the greatest literary revival ever to occur on American letters. Even though there are now over a dozen Melville biographies and hundreds of articles on his work, he still remains essentially ambiguous and elusive in the way that only true greatness can be. It can be said that his greatness and success as a literay man consists in the work of Moby-Dick. Therefore in this essay, I followed the growth of his spirit and thought, moral vision, and literary technique from his early works to Moby-Dick. I examined his growth through the chronology of the novels themselves in following Melvill's experiences.
First of all, I found out his main theme is not a simple sea-story but man, facing with the evils, and the meaning of life in the world of evils which are realized gradually through his simpleness, doubt, isolation, disillusionment and inquiry of life. In Redburn, I found out his earliest awakening to the world around him and his reactions to it-his early indications to the reactions to good and evil in the world. And also he realized that the society of men an a ship is a microcosm of civilization ashore. This theme towards the life in this world remained present in almost all of his later works and it was completed in Moby-Dick. In Typee, I saw him emerging in the green Eden of the Golden Age to seek for his dreamland in the primitive society. In Omoo, I picked up his sharp and incisive portraits of people, the primitive nature not damaged by the civilization of the white, his heartful appraisal towards the simple and primitive life. In both works, Melville hadn't started to worry about the meaning of life yet-he was still busy just looking at it and doubting about it.
His conception on life was more fully developed in his next work, White Jacket, in which he self-consciously views the ship as a microcosm of all society, finding in the ills of the ship the ills found ahore. And from here he used symbolism and allegory, which were more confusedly shown in Mardi which involves a mystical allegory, an exercise in metaphysics, a political satire, and a symbolic adventure of every man. But what it is symbolic of is never clear but this lack of clarity makes it even typically a Melville symbol, and this is shown most mystically in Moby-Dick.
Melville wrote his masterpiece, Moby-Dick, based on his conception on life, good and evil, man and nature through his own various experiences in his spiritural and material life. But his spiritual intercourse with Hawthorne had more great part than any other influences in his writing Moby-Dick.
In order to appreciate Moby-Dick from the aesthetic point of view, I analized his techniques in dramatic construction, his combined method of using allegory and symbolism and his grand epic style. Next, I considered about his uniforming theme on good and evil, man and nature, and individualism and democracy, by analizing the characters of Ahab, Ishamel and White Whale, trying to draw an American myth out of this work. Lastly I studied its peculiarity by comparing with the Old Man and The Sea by Hemingway, in the contents of the work.
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