高等學校에서의 進路指導와 適應 = CAREER GUIDANCE AND ADJUSTMENT

국문 초록 (Abstract)

생활지도의 모든 활동의 귀착점은 학생이 졸업한 후 자기에게 가장 적절한 직업을 선택하고 직업적응이 이루어져 개인적인 행복과 사회에 이바지하도록 하는데 있다. 따라서 진로지도는 그만큼 중요한 것이며 어려운 것이다. 본 논문에서는 진로지도의 중요성으로 첫째 개인의 행복과 사회외 발전에 직결된다는 점, 둘째 고등학생은 확고한 진로선택의 준비가 갖추어져 있지 않음에도 진로선택을 강요받는다는 점, 셋째 대학의 전공학과 선택은 장래의 직업과 직결된다는 점, 넷째 현재의 진로지도는 많은 오류를 범하고 있다는 점, 그리고 사회의 변천을 들고 설명하였다. 특히 사회의 변천은 직업 자체 및 인력의 변화를 초래함을 강조하였으며 진로지도에 영향하는 역동적 제 요인을 개인적 요인과 환경적 요인으로 구분 고찰하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Career guidance should be a continuous process from primary school to college. But because of the developmential characteristics of high school students and the forced situation to choose some kind occupation or college, career guidance is particularly important for them.
Therefore, this paper discussed the importance and necessity of high school career guidance, the relation between social changes and career planning, and the dynamic factors influencing career planning and choice.
First, the reason why high school career guidance important is may be outlined as follows;
(1) Career guidance is closely related to personal happiness and social development. (2) High school seniors are forced to decide their career choice, though they are not jet prepared for it. (3) What tind of majors to choose is almost direcily related to their future occupation. (4) There are many errors in the high school career guidance. (5) It becomes more important by social changes.
Second, in the rapidly changing society subtle sense and perspective for the future is reqired for better career planning and choice. The factors influencing career planning by the social changes can be included as follows: (1) growing new professions, (2) failure to educate adequate manpower by lact of educational opportunities, (3) manpower change by the change of industrial structure, (4) changes of women's role, (5) military obligation and (6) social anxiety.
Third, the personal and environmental factors influencing career planning and choice can be outlined as follows: Personal factors can be divided into the intellectual and non-intellectual factors. The important factors as intellectual aspect include intelligence, aptitude and academic achievement, and interst, personality traits, work value and physical conditions can be included as non-intellectual factors. Environmental factors as well as personal factors are important for career planning. Especially, home, social, cultural and school environments are most important influencing career planning and choice.
In cnclusion, the followings can be important for effective career guidance: (1) to stimulate the students to understand strength and weakness of their abilities, persoality and environment. (2) to prepare the students for the correct occupational and educational informations, (3) to prepare for the opportunities of self realization, (4) to prpare for subtle perspective of the changing society, (5) to prepare for the opportunities of reality testing and (6) to prepare for follow-up services.