비판적 커뮤니케이션 연구의 기본 접근들 : 이론적 소고 = Three basic approaches in the critical communication research : A theoretical review.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Despite a widespread agreement within the circle of critical communication research upon the basic idea that the capitalist media, as an ideological agent, contribute to the reproduction of the capitalist relations of domination, there have existed radical differences in the ways to explain the ideological roles of the media among different approaches within the circle. Setting the basic approaches in the critical media studies as political economy of the media, structuralist approach, and culturalist approach, this paper examined the distinctive theoretical features of each approach and tensions among those approaches. Even though there began to arose a converging trend among different approaches within critical media studies, a short theoretical review of these three approaches will be of great help for understanding the original theoretical and practical concerns of critical communication research, offering an insight for analyzing the signifying practices of the media and audiences these days. Drawing on the ways in which these three approaches define the ideological role of the media in capitalist societies, we can expand our knowledge on the role of the media in capitalist domination in the current digital era.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

비판적 커뮤니케이션 연구 진영 내에서는 미디어가 이데올로기적 기구로서 자본주의적 지배관계를 재생산하는 데 기여한다는 기본적인 생각은 공유해왔지만, 미디어가 수행하는 이데올로기적 역할에 대한 설명은 동일하지 않다. 이 글에서는 비판적 미디어 연구 전통 내부의 다양한 이론적 입장을 미디어 정치경제학, 구조주의적 접근, 문화주의적 접근으로 설정하고 각 접근의 특징과 이들 사이의 이론적 긴장을 살펴보고 그 의미를 논의했다. 근래에 들어 이들 사이에 이론적 접목과 수렴이 이루어지고 있는 것이 사실이지만 기본접근들을 이렇게 세 가지로 구분해서 살펴보는 것은 비판적 커뮤니케이션 연구가 추구해온 원초적인 이론적 지향점들을 이해하는 데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다. 초기 비판적 미디어 연구에서 중요한 이론적 방향을 제시했던 이들 세 접근이 자본주의 사회에서 미디어가 수행하는 이데올로기적 역할을 어떻게 규정했는지를 알아보는 것은 미디어 지형에서 상당한 변화를 겪은 오늘날에도 여전히 많은 함의를 갖기 때문이다.

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