Studies on Control Measures for Vegetable Diseases in the Vinyl House for Increasing the Income of Farmers = 農家所得增大를 爲한 施設園藝의 病害發生 現況과 防除對策
저자
Kim, Jeong-soo (晋州農林專門大學 農業科) ; Kang, Ho-youn (晋州農林專門大學 園藝科) ; An, Won-sup (晋州農林專門大學 農業科) ; Moon, Yeong-bae (晋州農林專門大學 農業科) ; Lee, Jong-ok (晋州農林專門大學 農業科) ; Kang, Ho-jong (晋州農林專門大學 園藝科)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1983
작성언어
English
KDC
520.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
19-22(4쪽)
제공처
소장기관
The results of these studies were summarized as follows;
1. In total acreage of vinyl house growing, 276.4 ha, chojun Dong was the largest acreage, which, was approximately one-third in all, the next one was in Kumsan Myen, 76.0 ha, Daeog, 10.5 ha, Jiphyun, 33.2 ha and Pyungea, 28.5 ha.
In the acreage of growing crops, cucumbers was 71.9 ha, which was the most and the next acreag-large order was oriental melons, peppers, tomatoes and strawberrys.
2. Most of types of vinyl house in each region were largely used full bamboo and iron pipe. Almost every structure was constructed on paddy field after rice cultivation from autumn to spring, and after vinyl house growing finished the structure and equipments were always removed in order to cultivate rice. The rice paddy field has shown the following characteristics as a house growing soil to retain soil moisture for a longtime and to irrigate conveniently. But great care should be taken of drainage.
3. The grower used straw-mat as a preventing material against the escape of heat from the vinyl house to supersede for a new sort of mat which is more convenient to treat and water-proofed. The present prevailing heating systems to be dependent upon fermentative materials or nonheating should be replaced to more effective heating equipments. It is suggestable that it is necessary to install compulsive ventilating machinery such as electric fan in order to improve ventilation condition.
4. Important diseases occurred in cucumbers. tomatoes, strawberrys, peppers and oriental melon sere downy mildew, gray mold, late blight, fusarium wilt and virus disease of the cucurbits and leaf mold, early blight and fusarium wilt of tomatoes and yellows of strawberrys and fruit rot, anthracnose of pepper and powdery mildew of oriental melons.
5. Downy mildew of cucumbers was more severe than any other diseases from fruit setting stage to late growing season. Gray mold occurred in strawberrys, tomatoes and including cucurbits and in particular was serve during harvesting season. Successive cultivation of cucumber brought about heavy infection of late blight. Cucumber mosaic virus was not so heavy in vinyl house growing from October to nest March, but it was thought that a few plants occurred were to be infected on the seedling.
6. Late blight caused by Phylophtrora melons was the most destructive disease in tomatoes cultivation under vinyl house, especially in Jinju, Cimhae and Milyang from February to May in 1982, but was not so heavy in 1983. Leaf mold was severe during the seedlingstage and early blight was also found at late growing in vinyl house. Successive cultivation of tomatoes brought about heavy infection of fusarium wilt.
7. Virus disease of strawberry plants were not produced the typical symptom of the disease, but it was estimated to be infected abundantly on the plants because yields were decreased and the plants were weak.
Successive cultivation of strawberry in vinyl house on upland field brought about heavy infection of yellows caused by Fusarium oxysporum.
8. Fruit rot caused by Phytophthora capsici was most destructive disease in hot peppers cultivation in the vinyl house, especially in Kumsan area where the pepper has been cultivated by continuous cropping. The pathogen attached almost all parts of young plants during the winter time after then, gradually induced crown rot on the adult plants. Generally pepper cultivation in vinyl house force to stop after June because most of the plants are withered and die out. Anthracnose of hot pepper plants were also abundantly at nursery bed, and at early stage of hot pepper after transplanting.
9. Sucessive cultivation of oriental melon brought about heavy infection of fusarium wilt, while in Daegog area cultivation after paddy rice, or grafting on pumpkin of fertilizing a lot of manure resulted in very mild infecion. Powdery mildew of oriental melons was prevailed after transplanting untill October in late raising and was serve from February to April in forcing culture.
10. In considering the above mentioned about the conditions of disease out-break, as all the diseases of controlled vegetables resulted from synthetic factors.
It is necessary to take the following control measures for these diseases,
1) growing resistant varieties, 2) increasing disease resistance by grafting on resistant root stock, 3) filling water and rotation, 4) avoiding disease damage in operating cultivation, 5) environmental sanitation, 6) seed treatment to control disease, 7) control by soil treatment, 8) control by applying chemicals to plants with timeliness and throughness.
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