寒冷抗體에 關한 硏究 = Studies on Cold Antibodies
저자
朴在德 (서울大學 醫學部 外科學敎室)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1940
작성언어
Korean
KDC
510
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
577-590(14쪽)
It has already been recognized that cold antibody is one of the important sources of error in blood grouping.
Cold antibodies are so powerful that it is impossible to perform ABO grouping except at body temperature or even at higher than body temperature, when the patient's serum is cross-matched against the bloods of prospective donors for the purpose of blood transfusion since serum containing of the cold antibody can clump any human blood.
Little had been added to our understanding of cold antibodies since Landsteiner, in 1903, gave the first adequate description of the phenomenon in animals.
The serologic characteristics distinguishing cold antibody from other types of antibody' has well established and may be summarized as follows; 1) Agglutination of red cells by serum containing cold antibody can be demonstrated best between 0-6°C., and practically never at 37?C. 2) The agglutination may be reversed by warming at 37°C., and reappears on cooling. This process may be repeated without apparent damage to the red cells. 3) Antibody can be exhausted by repeated absorption in cold and released by rewarming. 4) The cold antibody is not inactivated by heating to 56?C. for 30 minutes., 5) The antibody survives in cold storage with only slight decrease in strength for periods ranging from 3 weeks to one year or more. 6) The antibody is active against human red cells of any human red cells of any group and against animal cells of many unrelated species.
But, the occurrence of cold antibodies in normal healthy human beings has not been studied thoroughly.
On the other hand, the association of cold antibodies with a variety of clinical conditions has been the subject of numerous reports. From the literature it appears that cold antibodies are found with a high degree of frequency only in primary atypical pneumonia and in trypanosomiasis, although pathogenetic relationship has not been established.
The presence of cold antibodies in various types of acquired hemolytic anemia has been widely reported, but the diversity of hematologic pictures and the infrequency of occurrence of cold antibodies make analysis of the relationship difficult.
Complicated instances are the occurrence of cold antibodies along with irregular cold iso-antibodies, or serum giving both strong pseudoagglutination and autoagglutination. According to Landsteiner's rule those irregular cold autoantibodies are present in the serum for which the corresponding agglutinogens are absent from the cells. While the occurrence of irregular iso-antibodies in normal human sera has been known for a long time, the first systematic studies were made by Landsteiner and Levine, and by Thomsen. The fact that among normal individuals, irregular iso-antibodies, when present at all, are weak and usually act only in the cold, has caused some to confuse them with the non-specific cold antibodies, which also act best in the cold and which are often present in the same sera. Despite the close association and overlapping between the two sorts of antibodies, a distinction can often be made because typical autoagglutinins react about equally well with all human bloods, while the cold iso-agglutinins act only most intensely on certain bloods, and the latter can usually be separated by suitable absorption.
In the present study an attempt is made to know the distribution of potent cold antibodies in healthy donors and in patients and to study the characteristics of cold antibodies.
The results are summarized as follows:
1. 19 cases or 0. 28%a in a series of 6,814 patient's blood samples exhibited auto-agglutination at room temperature.
2. 16 cases or 0. 11% in a series of 12,602 professional donors showed the presence of cold antibodies at room temperature.
3. On the other hand, titers of 6 cases among 11 atypical pneumonia were 64 units or higher than that units.
4. In winter time, the high incidence of potent cold antibodies were found in this study.
5. Incomplete antibodies were recognized by studying the characteristics. Incomplete antibodies appeared to be not easily eluted from the cells at 37?C. In carrying out Coombs test in such cases, therefore, cells and serum was warmed to 37° C. or higher than 37?C. .
The most powerful cold antibodies required 6 absorptions with equal volumes of the donor's or patient's own cells before it was sufficiently weakened for further testing to be feasible.
6. Author experienced a few interesting cases whose sera reacted as direct Coombs positive as well as Cardiolipin positive and showed high cold antibody titers with the character of incomplete cold antibodies.
7. It was appeared that cold antibodies has the electrophoretic mobility of gamma globulin.
8. Author experienced each one case of a1 and a2 specific irregular cold antibody.
서지정보 내보내기(Export)
닫기소장기관 정보
닫기권호소장정보
닫기오류접수
닫기오류 접수 확인
닫기음성서비스 신청
닫기음성서비스 신청 확인
닫기이용약관
닫기학술연구정보서비스 이용약관 (2017년 1월 1일 ~ 현재 적용)
학술연구정보서비스(이하 RISS)는 정보주체의 자유와 권리 보호를 위해 「개인정보 보호법」 및 관계 법령이 정한 바를 준수하여, 적법하게 개인정보를 처리하고 안전하게 관리하고 있습니다. 이에 「개인정보 보호법」 제30조에 따라 정보주체에게 개인정보 처리에 관한 절차 및 기준을 안내하고, 이와 관련한 고충을 신속하고 원활하게 처리할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 다음과 같이 개인정보 처리방침을 수립·공개합니다.
주요 개인정보 처리 표시(라벨링)
목 차
3년
또는 회원탈퇴시까지5년
(「전자상거래 등에서의 소비자보호에 관한3년
(「전자상거래 등에서의 소비자보호에 관한2년
이상(개인정보보호위원회 : 개인정보의 안전성 확보조치 기준)개인정보파일의 명칭 | 운영근거 / 처리목적 | 개인정보파일에 기록되는 개인정보의 항목 | 보유기간 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
학술연구정보서비스 이용자 가입정보 파일 | 한국교육학술정보원법 | 필수 | ID, 비밀번호, 성명, 생년월일, 신분(직업구분), 이메일, 소속분야, 웹진메일 수신동의 여부 | 3년 또는 탈퇴시 |
선택 | 소속기관명, 소속도서관명, 학과/부서명, 학번/직원번호, 휴대전화, 주소 |
구분 | 담당자 | 연락처 |
---|---|---|
KERIS 개인정보 보호책임자 | 정보보호본부 김태우 | - 이메일 : lsy@keris.or.kr - 전화번호 : 053-714-0439 - 팩스번호 : 053-714-0195 |
KERIS 개인정보 보호담당자 | 개인정보보호부 이상엽 | |
RISS 개인정보 보호책임자 | 대학학술본부 장금연 | - 이메일 : giltizen@keris.or.kr - 전화번호 : 053-714-0149 - 팩스번호 : 053-714-0194 |
RISS 개인정보 보호담당자 | 학술진흥부 길원진 |
자동로그아웃 안내
닫기인증오류 안내
닫기귀하께서는 휴면계정 전환 후 1년동안 회원정보 수집 및 이용에 대한
재동의를 하지 않으신 관계로 개인정보가 삭제되었습니다.
(참조 : RISS 이용약관 및 개인정보처리방침)
신규회원으로 가입하여 이용 부탁 드리며, 추가 문의는 고객센터로 연락 바랍니다.
- 기존 아이디 재사용 불가
휴면계정 안내
RISS는 [표준개인정보 보호지침]에 따라 2년을 주기로 개인정보 수집·이용에 관하여 (재)동의를 받고 있으며, (재)동의를 하지 않을 경우, 휴면계정으로 전환됩니다.
(※ 휴면계정은 원문이용 및 복사/대출 서비스를 이용할 수 없습니다.)
휴면계정으로 전환된 후 1년간 회원정보 수집·이용에 대한 재동의를 하지 않을 경우, RISS에서 자동탈퇴 및 개인정보가 삭제처리 됩니다.
고객센터 1599-3122
ARS번호+1번(회원가입 및 정보수정)