韓國學生의 姿勢形成 調査硏究 = A Study on the Posture of Korean Students
In order to study the postures of Korean students, 4,448 students who lives in urban and rural community were participated as subjects and examined by using New York State Posture Rating Test Method with taking photographs. The results were subdivied into postures of body parts, total posture score, leg types, and lateral deviation and analysed as follows.
1. Postures of body parts
1) Head Tilt
For elementary and middle school students, the cases of tilted head were shown more frequently in urban than rural and the ratio of the case of the tilted head was increased as grade was higher. On the other hand, high school studends had the opposite tendency.
2) Uneven Shoulder Height
For elementary school childs, higher grades had better condition than lower grades, however, for high school students, those in urban had more cases of uneven shoulder than those in rural and girls showed more deviations than boys.
3) Scoliosis
Rural childs had more cases of scoliosis than urban childs, but there were no differences of middle and high school students.
4) Uneven Hip Height
Urban and rural childs showed some cases of uneven hip which belonged to normal ranges. Middle and high school studedns werw nearly perfect in the hip height, therefore the condition seems to change as they grow older.
5) Pronated Ankles
For this part, those in rural showed better conditions than those in ruban in all age groups and, especially high school third grade students were more satisfactory in rural than urban(84% vs 50%)
6) Forward Head
Elementary and middle school students appeared to be satisfactory regardless of age, sex and district, however 32% of high school girl students had forward head.
7) Round Shoulders
Many students had round shoulders and some of them revealed severe conditions, There were large differences between urban and rural students.
8) Trunk Hyperextension
Generally, girls showed better conditions than boys in trunk posture and, for high school boy students, conditions were differed according to their grades.
9) Sagging Abdomen
More cases of sagging abdomen were revealed in ruban that rural for elementary girl students(30% vs 14%). For middle and high school students, there were differences between sex, boys showing more cases than girls in middle school and girls in high school.
10) Lordosis
There were differences between urban and rural for elementary childs and high school boy students, however no differences were detected in other groups. Mean degrees of lordosis had a tendency of increasing as the age grew.
2. Total Posture Score
For elementary childs, both boys and girls showed differences between urban and rural(75.95 vs 70.73, 75.16 vs 82.42), and, in rural girls seems to be more satisfactory than boys in comparison between boys and girls(p<. 001).
In middle school group, rural students appeared to be significantly(p<.05) better than urban students for both sex(83.88 vs 81.93, 75.93 vs 75.02) and the result was same for the high school group(86.52 vs 84.03, 80.07 vs 78.10)
3. Leg types
For elementary childs, girls revealed more cases of bowlegs and knock-knee than boys(6% vs 8.2%, 20.5% vs 30.3%). In high school group, the girls in rural showed more cases of bowlegs than those in urban(29.7% vs 13.0%) and, the knokc-knee, the result was opposite(19.3% vs 28.4%).
4. Lateral deviation
1) Head Tilt
In elementary group, 11% of boys and 6.3% of girls had lateral deviation and, for high school students, 3.6% of boys and 5.4% of girls showed the deviations revealing girls had more cases of deviation than boys.
2) Uneven Shoulder Height
1.8% of elementary boys and 0.5% of girls had uneven shoulder and totally 1.5% of high school students showed uneven shoulder height.
3) Scoliosis
15.5% and 17.4% of elementary boys and 21.6% and 20.7% of girls deviated to right and left respectively. Urban students showed general trends to leftward deviation while rural students showed rightward deviation.
4) Uneven Hip Height
In this part of posture, they showed good conditions in all age, sex, and district.
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