국내 중소수출제조기업 유통⋅물류 부문의 Green SCM 도입수준에 영향을 미치는 이해관계자 결정요인 연구 -ISO 14001 데이터 구축 기간의 조절효과- = A Study on the Determinants of Stakeholders Influencing the Level of Green SCM Adoption by Manufacturing SMEs - Moderating Effect of ISO 14001 Data Implementation Period -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recently, changes in the export environment are expanding the scope of mandatory environment in the eco-friendly distribution and logistics sector. Accordingly, domestic small and medium-sized export manufacturing companies are also included in the list of external stakeholder pressure on the implementation of an eco-friendly system for sustainable operation. Therefore, it is necessary to derive stakeholder determinants that affect the level of Green SCM adoption in the distribution and logistics sector of domestic small and medium-sized export manufacturing companies and present their eco-friendly management strategy directions.
Based on Freeman’s stakeholder model, the purpose of our paper is to analyze how it affects the level of introduction of Green SCM by deriving stakeholder factors of small and medium-sized export manufacturers, and to analyze the significance of the moderating effect by conducting a multiple group analysis on the ISO 14001 data implementation period. To this end, our study distributed the questionnaire designed through pending research and in-depth interviews with experts to workers of domestic distribution logistics small and medium-sized export manufacturing companies, and used member lists of the Carbon Convergence Industry Research Association, Korea Trade Association, and professional trading companies to secure objectivity and reliability of samples. The analysis results of our study are as follows.
First, the threat of government regulation had a negative (-) effect on the level of Green SCM adoption. Similar results were derived from studies by Xue et al. (2021) and Li et al. (2019) in that the stronger government regulations, the more negatively they affect corporate decision-making and performance.
Second, supplier cooperation had a positive (+) effect on the level of Greem SCM adoption. These results are similar to the studies of Kitsis & Chen (2021), Park Chan-kwon, etc. (2019), and the higher the level of awareness of supplier cooperation, the higher the level of Green SCM adoption.
Third, community responsibility had a positive (+) effect on the level of Green SCM adoption. This was similar to the study of Khosroshahi et al. (2021) in that small and medium-sized export manufacturing companies have an environmental responsibility as a member of the community and introduce eco-friendly management to contribute to the community.
Fourth, the ISO 14001 data implementation period showed a significant moderating effect in the relationship between supplier cooperation and Green SCM adoption level. As a result, it was confirmed that the longer the ISO 14001 data implementation period, the higher the level of adoption through continuous eco-friendly activities to maintain eco-friendly certification.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 수출환경의 변화는 친환경 유통⋅물류 부문의 의무화 대상 범주를 확장하고 있다. 이에 외부 이해관계자는 국내 중소수출제조기업의 지속 가능한 운영을 위한 친환경 경영 및 ISO 14001 구축을 요구하는 추세다. 따라서 국내 중소수출제조기업 유통⋅물류 부문의 Green SCM 도입수준에 영향을 미치는 이해관계자 요인을 도출하고 이들의 환경경영 방향성을 제시할 필요가 있다.
본 논문의 목적은 Freeman의 이해관계자 모형을 기반으로 중소수출제조기업의 이해관계자 요인을 도출하여 Green SCM 도입수준에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하고 이와 함께 ISO 14001 데이터 구축 기간에 대한 다중집단분석을 시행하여 조절효과에 대한유의성을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 현안연구 및 전문가 심층 인터뷰를 통하여 설계된 설문지를 Green SCM 도입국내 중소수출제조기업 종사자에 배부하였으며, 표본의 객관성 및 신뢰성을 확보하기 위하여 탄소융합산업연구조합, 한국무역협회 및 전문무역상사 등의 회원 리스트를 활용하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 정부규제 위협은 도입수준에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 정부규제가 강할수록 기업 의사결정 및 성과에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 측면에서 Xue et al.(2021), Li et al.(2019)의 연구와 유사한 결과가 도출되었다.
둘째, 공급업체 협력은 도입수준에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 결과는 Kitsis & Chen(2021), 박찬권 등(2019)의 연구와 유사한 것으로 나타냈으며 공급업체 협력에 대한 인식수준이 높을수록 Green SCM 도입수준이 높아지는 것을 뜻한다.
셋째, 지역사회 책임은 도입수준에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 중소수출제조기업이 지역사회 일원으로써 환경적 책임 의식을지니고 지역사회에 공헌을 위해 친환경 경영을 도입한다는 관점에서 Khosroshahi et al.(2021)의 연구와 유사한 결과가 나타났다.
넷째, ISO 14001 데이터 구축 기간은 공급업체 협력과 도입수준 간의 관계에서 유의한 조절효과가 나타났다. 이로써 ISO 14001 데이터 구축 기간이 긴 기업일수록 친환경 인증유지를 위하여 지속적인 친환경 활동 수행을 통해 도입수준이 높아짐을 확인하였다.

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