KCI우수등재
일제하 미국유학생의 서구 근대체험과 미국문명 인식 = Modern Experiences of Korean Students in the United States and their Understanding of American Civilization during the period of Japanese Colonialism
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2006
작성언어
Korean
주제어
KDC
911.02
등재정보
KCI우수등재
자료형태
학술저널
발행기관 URL
수록면
141-173(33쪽)
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It was after the March 1st Independent Movement that the number of Korean students in the United States increased. The ultimate purpose of their studies in the United States was to modernize Korea with their new learning from American universities.
Korean students in general did not directly enter American universities. First, they started to study in a small town, adapting themselves to the new American environment, and then they moved to bigger cities to study at universities. What truly attracted and surprised them was the American teaching method which not only strongly encouraged students to read in advance suggested references about each class topic. but also laid special emphasis on their active participation in the class. Korean students thought the teaching method. unlike that of the Japanese. came from American individualism. Besides. Korean students who were accustomed to Confucian culture were very surprised that both male and female students studied together in the same classroom. naturally making friends with each other.
Meanwhile, during semesters as well as vacations, Korean students had to work hard to earn money for school fees and living expenses, which enforced some of them to give up their studies. However, most of them thought that such hard work provided a good opportunity to learn lessons of the spirit of diligence and self-help. Especially, working hard for money gave them a chance to take a good look at many inner and negative sides of American society. For instance, it was chiefly when they worked for money that they suffered from racial discrimination, which helped them realize their Korean ethnic and national identity.
After the March 1st Independent Movement, they formed many Korean student associations. In 1921, the Korean Student Federation of North America(KSF) was founded as a representative organization of the associations. The KSF worked mainly in Chicago and New York. But the activities of such associations in California where the largest part of Korean students and immigrants in the United States lived were not so active. The KSF endeavored to increase friendship among Korean students and to improve their welfare. The students discussed various subjects including social science, natural science, major daily problems, and the issue of Korean independence.
In addition, the Korean Division of the Committee on Friendly Relations among Foreign Students (YMCA) and Korean churches in New York and Chicago were other important bases for the activities of Korean students. The Korean Division of the YMCA Committee published The Korean Student Bulletin as its newsletter and The Korean Student Directory. Moreover, since 1933, the secretary of the Korean Division also worked as the general secretary of the KSF. The religious activities were the most effective way of increasing intercourses with foreign students and promoting friendship among Korean students as well.
Through those experiences, Korean students in the United States came to understand American civilization. First of all, they were amazed at the huge scale of American material civilization represented by mass production and consumption. It was an irony that though they criticized mammonism and vulgar hedonism embedded in American civilization. they were simultaneously overwhelmed by it. As a whole. they considered American civilization to be a success. They found the ideal type of a modern man in the Christian independent middle class of the United States, and mapped out their plan to build a new modern Korean nation-state based on American Puritanism and the Frontier Spirit.
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