이미지의 측면에서 본 문학과 미술의 관계 = Relations Between Literature And Fine Arts Observed By The Aspect Of An Image
By looking at the long history of esthetics and art theory, there is no doubt that art is formed on the basis of an image. The imitation theory, which describes art as a reproduction of reality, dominated Western art theory since Platon. In 18th century, romanticism, which tells art as an expression of one's emotion, arose in opposition to the imitation theory. In spite of different point of views, both theories agree with each other on the point that art use an image as a vehicle to the meaning of its own existence.
In structuralism, which criticizes both the imitation theory and expressionism, art is considered as an area existed through a realm which is different from a realistic realm or an imaginary realm. Even though there are some differences about the other on the point that art is originated by an image. The peculiar character of art, which classify art from other areas like science or religion, can be found in the meaning of an image and its origin. Therefore, it can be said that every esthetical theories that deal with the characteristic origin of art must discuss the existence of an imagination and an image.
An image and an imagination, which produce the image, provide the most mystical feature of human being. We can begin to understand relations among different areas of art, especially between language arts and fine arts, through an image and an image process. In art, an image does not mean the possession of an image itself. It actually means the variety in supposed image process! This possibility of various interpretations comes from the metaphorical feature that one image confronts on unvisible facts through visible facts. This kind of the metaphorical feature of an image can transfer one realm to another. The image can be a vehicle for this kind of transfer. Art as a creation of an image forms the actual existence of unrealistic objects or in existing objects. This is because the artistic image, which materialize esthetical objects is set up as an unrealistic condition formed through imaginations.
The imagination described here can be understood as the energy that the in existing image of an existing object displays by including the existence of that object.
Throughout Western art history, it was the surrealism movement that literature and fine arts were recognized as the most similar spiritual work of art through the common understanding to the production of an image by an imagination. Especially surrealism remarks the fact that both literature and fine arts are the creations of an image based on unconscious mental movements. Surrealism arts regard an image as the only rhythmical support. That is materialized by continual combination of contrasting images. We can provide the basis of discussion for the difference and the similarity between literature and fine arts by following the motive of an encounter between two areas through an image which suggested by surrealists. In surrealism literature, words do not just meanings of them. Surrealism literature take aim at the virtual life vision which cultivates images beyond reality.
It was the same vision stated above that surrealism paintings pursued. Surrealism paintings have various figurative motives on the surface. However, surrealism paintings eventually create new meanings for those motives by recomposing them. A. Breton's poetry, R. Magritte's and A. Masson's paintings, they all create the virtual life vision as an image beyond reality.
In literature and fine arts, the issues of a image set the ground for an open discussion about a relationship between the world and the human race. Here, the image works as a vehicle to fill the abyss of tense relationship between subject and object, consciousness and unconsciousness, reality and virtual reality, and between existence and in existence. Therefore, it can be said that the image is a vehicle to visualize the in visible. Even if we accept the image as tool for communication', We can use the image as a tool for setting up the connection between the world and the human being. In this case, the image should not be understood only as a tool for communication but it should be understood also as a product of the human race for establishing relationship with the environment. This means a phenomenon of existence as well as that of in existence. Therefore, this is a sign of in existing reality at the same time that of existing unreality.
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