2021년 개정 부정경쟁방지법상 데이터의 부정사용행위의 판단기준에 대한 연구 = A Study on the Criteria to Determine Illegal Use of Data under the Korean Unfair Competition Prevention Act of 2021

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The importance of big data, which is the key element of the digital era, such as the 4th industrial revolution and artificial intelligence, is gradually increasing, and we have witnessed increasing cases creating economic added value by using big data. However, there are insufficient sanctions against acts that unfairly gain profits or damage data holders by acquiring data by illegal means.
Accordingly, the Unfair Competition Prevention and Trade Secret Protection Act, which was amended on December 7, 2021, and effective on April 20, 2022, was newly inserted improper use of data under Article 2 subparagraph k as a new unfair competition act. This provision explicitly stipulates 'improper use of data' and takes a method of regulating behavior similar to acts of unfair competition to reliably protect data from various types of illegal use of data.
In this regard, the Unfair Competition Prevention Act amended in 2021 took a method of regulating improper use of data rather than a method that grants exclusive rights to data only to specific subjects in order to regulate to a minimum extent the types of improper 'acts' that cause market failure according to social norms.
This Article is to propose the criteria to determine improper use of data under the Unfair Competition Prevention Act of 2021. To this end, Article 2, subparagraph k of the Amended Unfair Competition Prevention Act will be analyzed in the following order. By doing so, it intends to propose the criteria to determine improper use of data for various types of civil remedies, criminal sanctions, and administrative regulations.
First, it delves into the new provisions on the improper use of data under the Unfair Competition Prevention Act. To this end, it will take into account the provisions on the protection of data offered to the specific person(s) under the Japanese Unfair Competition Prevention Act and its related guidelines, which were referred to legislate the Korean corresponding provisions.
Second, it compares and analyzes the differences between the data protection measures under two bills including the Data Framework Act, the Data Industry Promotion and Utilization Promotion Act (hereinafter 'Data Industry Act'), Copyright Act, and the Unfair Competition Prevention Act. In particular, although the Data Industry Act was submitted as an alternative to the bill of the Data Framework Act, which had been discarded, the basic concept and contents of the discussion are the same. Hence, the in-depth analysis of the bill of Data Framework Act is necessary in order to understand the discussion on data protection under Data Industry Act.
In the process of enactment of the Data Industry Act, there was an issue of whether data protection under the Data Industry Act and the Unfair Competition Prevention Act overlapped. In addition, it will discuss the relationship of Article 2 subparagraph k of the Unfair Competition Act with the prohibition of infringements under Article 48 of the Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc.
Third, it explores the scope of the claimant(s) for civil remedies, especially in terms of improper use of data on digital platforms.

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