KCI등재
한국(韓國)의 인공임신중절실태(人工妊娠中絶實態) 고찰(考察) = A Review on Induced Abortion in Korea
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1988
작성언어
Korean
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
57-95(39쪽)
제공처
Induced abortion rate has been steadily increased in rate along with the extension of contrace-ptive supply, which is now under argument because of harmfulness to maternal health and ethnic problem.
Induced abortion acceptances by married women are mainly due to unwanted pregnancy and failure of contraceptive use. However, induced abortion has significantly contributed to the same impact on fertility decline as family planning program.
This study aimed at analysing the present induced abortion practice and finding out the effective prenatal fertility control method through the successful contraceptive acceptance necessary to avoid the induced abortion.
The data used for the analysis is the 1985 National Fertility and Family Health Survey targeted of 7,010 married women aged 15 to 44. The major findings of the study are sum-marized as follows.
1. Changes in Induced Abortion Experience Rate
Induced abortion experience by married women aged 15 to 44 in 1985 estimated 53 percent, showing a great increase compared with 7 percent in 1964. Increasing rate of induced abortion was 128.6 percent during 1964-1968 period, 206 percent during 1968-1978, whereas declined to only 8.2 percent in 1978-1985. This result attributes to the rapid extension of sterilization acceptance by women.
Induced abortion rate classified by specific age group indicated the most rapid increasing rate in the aged from 25 10 29. Decline of induced abortion aceptance by women aged 25 and over has a strong relation with the high degree of contraceptive practice including steriliza tion.
Induced abortion rate indicated the increase in rural areas, 4 percent in 1964 and 48 percent in 1985, revealing a similar prevalence to urban areas in which recorded 55 percent in 1985.
2. Induced Abortion Acceptance and Contraceptive Use
About 61 percent of married women with 2 children have ever experienced induced abortion one time and more, with 82.5 percent among them practicing contraceptive use and revealing the strong desire terminate prenancy.
The proportion of women who have experienced induced abortion after terminating con-traception was 47.8 percent. Of these. 62 percent of the women aged 30 and over expe-rienced induced abortion, which shows the ineffective aspect of contraceptive use.
Contraceptive use by women with induced abortion experience are observed to be 64.7 percent by sterilization. 60.2 percent by lUD, 6S percent by other methods.
The proportion of women who have ever used contraceptives before induced abortion was only 32 percent, but 68 percent of total targeted women resorted to induced abortion as fertility control method. However, 85.4 percent of them practiced such inefficient temporary methods as pill, condom, and others, giving a space for failure of fertility control.
3. Fertility Decline by Induced Abortion and Contraceptive Use
The total fertility rate decreased continuously from 3.2 in 1976 to 2.1 in 1984 and showed a replacement level of fertility. However the total induced abortion rate increased from 0.7 in 1963, to 2.1 in 1973, 2.7 in 1976 and 2.9 in 1978, but a little declined to 2.1 in 1984.
Contraceptive practice rate increased 44 percent in 1976 (sterilization, 8.3%), to 70 .4 percent in 1985 (sterilization, 40.5%). Sterilization acceptance occupied 57.5 percent of the total con- traceptive practice rate.
According to the above findings, induced abortion as well as family planning program have greatly contributed to the fertility reduction. The decline of induced abortion rate could be explained due to the high degree of contraceptive practice, particularly to sterilization accep-tance.
4. Ratio of Induced Abortion by Pregnancies
About half of the total yearly pregnancies resulted in induced abortion. Ratios of induced abortion by the total pregnancies in 1978 and in 1984 were 43 percent and 39 percent res-pectively. The number of induced abortion estimated 84 events per 100 live births in 1978, 75 events in 1984. Particularly the majority of pregnancies by women aged 30 and over resulted in induced abortion.
The proportion of induced abortion resulted from the total pregnancies was 50.3 percent in 1984, and the ratio compared with the live births was 115.3. This result explains that women not wanting child did not practice contraceptive or failed in the effective fertility control.
Seventy-four percent of the total targeted women in 19&5 were practicing contraceptive, but 32 percent of them are using the temporary contraceptive methods, giving a space for the failure of effective contraception and the repeated abortion.
Thus here need to be strengthened the contraceptive supply to prevent unwanted pregnancy and emphasized on the side-effects of induced abortion to maternal health and society in general.
5. Reason for Induced Abortion
The main reason for induced abortion acceptance is observed 61.3 percent of fertility termination, and next comes 15.1 percent of birth spacing, maternal health and abnormal pregnancy, 7.3 percent, unwanted pregnancy, 5.7 percent.
The main reason for the last induced abortion by married women were fertility termination, 84.8 percent, economic and family problem come next. 21.4 percent.
Eighty nine-two percent of the total targeted women without any experience of abortion perceive that induced abortion was harmful to maternal health. And so do 86.6 percent of women with one time experience of abortion and 91.3 percent of women two and more experiences of abortion.
Perception of harmfulness to maternal health appeared in similar degree in urban and rural areas.
6. Impact on Health and Fertility Reduction by Induced Abortion
Seventeen-one percent of women responded the presence of complications and sequelae following the abortions, which recorded high after 4 months of pregnancy and among women aged 30 and over. Complications and sequelae following the abortions were mainly backache or abdominal pain, 27.3 percent, uterine bleeding, 35.3 percent, weakness and inflamation, 14.9 percent and 13 percent respectively.
The total fertility rate was 3.2 in 1976. 2.7 in 1978, 2.1 in 1984. Provided that induced abortion did not have any effect on fertility control, the total fertility rate estimated 4.4 in 1976, 4.0 in 1978 and 2.9 in 1984. Thus contribution degree to fertility reduction can be estimated to be 34.8 percent in 1976.43.8 percent in 1978 and 38.8 percent in 1984, showing a sig-nificant impact on fertility decline.
The yearly birth averted status of pregnancies by induced abortion is estimated to only 72. 000 events 15.7%) in 1963, 279.000 events (32%) in 1975,328,000 events (37.5%) in 1978, and to 275.000 events (40.7%) in 1984.
As the above findings were derived from the data with married women, the rate win increase with, concealed abortion cases of unmarried females.
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