조선후기(朝鮮後期) 지식인(知識人)의 청대(淸代) 건가고증학(乾嘉考證學)에 대한 인식 연구 -한송논쟁(漢宋論爭)을 中心으로- = Research on Understanding of Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing Qing Dynasty of China by Intellectuals in the Late Chosun Dynasty Korea; Centered in the Controversy between Philology and Neo-Confucianism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims at clarifying understanding of Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing, Qing Dynasty of China by intellectuals in the late Chosun dynasty Korea. Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing, as an independent academic system representing academic features of Qing Dynasty, is knowledge combined with philology methodology and unique argumentation philosophy, i.e. the new philosophy of Qianlong-Jiaqing. Intellectuals with the background of new argumentation of Qianlong-Jiaqing used rigorous research methods and expounded several key words in Confucianism, trying to undermine the authority of Neo-Confucianism since Song Dynasty, and to establish an argumentation philosophy system with a special feature. At that time, the controversy between Philology and Neo-Confucianism broke out between the intellectuals of Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing (Han) who regarded themselves as inheritors of the knowledge in Han Dynasty essence and called their knowledge “Hanxue” and the intellectuals who supported Neo-Confucianism. The controversy spread to Korean academia and sparked a huge debate. The author firstly introduces the historical background and the necessity of the research, then expounds previous research as well as the view angle and research method of this thesis. The end of 18th century and the first half of 19th century is a transitional period from pre-modern to modern, in which period Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing, as one branch of Confucianism, occupied an important place in academic history of both China and Korea. As for research perspective and method, the author classifies Korean intellectuals’ understanding of Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing, then focuses on their specific knowledge, with controversy between Philology and Neo-Confucianism centered. Korean intellectuals strictly separate Sinology of Han Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, i.e. Qing knowledge represented by Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing. They acknowledged the preservation and inheritance of the essence and the accuracy of the notes of Sinology of Han Dynasty. However, they fiercely criticized the disadvantage of detachment from reality and buried in philological research. For those Korean intellectuals who advocate Neo-Confucianism, it was an academic decline and times anxiety since prevalence of Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing was contributing to the authority decline of Neo-Confucianism. In addition, even though the Korean intellectuals acknowledge the achievement of new argumentation school, they showed vigilance since the clear anti-Zhu zi trend on argumentation. The reason why Korean intellectuals criticized new argumentation school was they, as the ruling class of the country with the ruling ideology of Neo-Confucianism, could not stand the power of Neo-Confucianism, i.e. Korean ideology challenged by Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing on the basis of research results. It is not an easy task to introduce Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing into Korea because of its anti-Neo-Confucianism trend. Korean intellectuals proposed Compromise of Han and Song in face of the prevalence of Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing. It is a comeback of exploration of Confucianism spirit in Korean culture, and a try to compromise Neo-Confucianism and Philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing. In conclusion, this study illustrates Korean intellectuals’ specific knowledge of philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing, at the same time, on the basis of it, expounded the detailed information of compromise of Philology and Neo-Confucianism proposed by them in order to introduce the philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing. The purpose of the study is to be of some assistance on the future research on Korean’s reception history of philology of the Qianlong-Jiaqing.