Work-Family Conflict and Health among Married Workers in South Korea: A Gender Analysis = Work-Family Conflict and Health among Married Workers in South Korea: A Gender Analysis
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2015
작성언어
Korean
주제어
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
801-845(45쪽)
제공처
The patriarchal culture and institutions have been slow in adjusting to the labor market change, which makes the work-family conflict an important social issue in South Korea. South Korea’s one of the lowest female labor market participation rate among OECD countries is one of the evidences of the high work-family conflict. According to the role strain theory, work family conflict occurs when the role in the workplace and the role in the family collides each other. There have been many efforts to test this theory of the work-family conflict in various societies. Also, only few of previous studies on the work-family conflict focused on the health outcomes. The goal of this study is to identify (1) the physical and mental health consequences of the work-family conflict and (2) its gender difference among South Koreans. Using the data from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), 498 married workers were included as a study population. Work-family conflict was measured with 2 variables in 2 domains each: (1) work to family and (2) family to work conflict. Health outcomes were divided into physical health and mental health; (1) physical health was measured with self-rated health and (2) mental health was measured with depressive symptoms (The Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and suicidal behavior (Korean version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Socio-demographic, work domain, and family domain factors were considered as confounders of the associations between work-family conflict and health outcomes. All analyses were conducted using STATA version 12. Firstly, there were consistent associations found between work-family conflicts and health outcomes among total married workers. Poor self-rated health, depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior were positively associated with strain based and time based work-to-family conflicts and strain and responsibility based family-to-work conflicts, when all possible confounders were adjusted. Secondly, slight gender moderating effects on these associations were found, even though it was not statistically significant. Among women, strain based and time based work-to-family conflicts were significantly associated with all health outcomes; poor self-rated health, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior. On the contrary, among men, strain based family-to-work conflict and responsibility based family-to-work conflict were significantly associated with poor self-rated health and suicidal behavior. Regarding socio-demographic, work and family domain factors, caregiving hours were negatively associated with poor self-rated health both among men and women. However, managerial position and presence of children younger than 6yrs old had positive association with depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior only among women and working hours and income level had positive association with depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior only among men. The results suggest that the work-family conflicts have negative impacts on the health outcomes of the married workers in South Korea and there are gender moderating effects in terms of the fact that the work-to-family conflict has more association with women and the family-to-work conflict with men. Therefore, family friendly policies should be introduced focusing on this gender difference to improve the health of the married working population. For women who have children younger than 6 years of age, reducing their household burden as well as improving their status at work and for men, increasing hours spent at family and adjusting working hours would be needed. By doing these, it would be possible not only to enhance the health of married workers but also to reduce the gender gaps in the labor market, the so called sexual division of labor, too.
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