에드워드 히스, 바오로 6세 그리고 북아일랜드의 혼란기 = Edward Heath, Paul VI and the Troubles in Northern Ireland

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article analyses the interactions between the Conservative government of British Prime Minister Edward Heath and the Vatican authorities of Pope Paul VI during the early period of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. After over forty years of relative peace in Northern Ireland following the partition of the island in 1921, violent clashes broke out between the Unionist and Nationalist communities in Northern Ireland from 1968 onwards over the issues of Protestant political dominance and discriminative policies towards the Catholic population. Military intervention by the British government, which included implementing extraordinary policies such as internment without trial, was having little effect on detering the actions of the Provisional IRA and establishing order in Northern Ireland. Under such desperate circumstances, Heath decided to take the politically sensitive step of asking Paul VI for his help in quelling the unrest in Northern Ireland despite concerns that such an approach might antagonise British Protestant circles in Britain. With guarantees from Heath that internment in Northern Ireland have been and would continue to be strictly limited and subject to rigid conditions, Paul VI agreed to condemn the violence in Northern Ireland, call for peace and ask the Irish people to support the Heath’s government’s White Paper on Northern Ireland which proposed political power-sharing between the two communities and the establishment of the Council of Ireland. This intervention of Paul VI in April 1973 resulted in the loss of legitimacy for the violent actions of the Provisional IRA, and when this lead to an atmosphere of increasing support from moderate Catholics to the Heath government’s plans, some Protestant politicians joined a moderate political party in their attempt to pursue a peaceful, middle-of- the-road solution to the Troubles of Northern Ireland.

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