KCI등재
駐朝鮮使館의 화교 실태조사와 관리 ― 청일전쟁 이전 漢城ㆍ仁川을 중심으로 ― = A Study on the Survey and Management of overseas Chinese merchants by Chinese Legation to Korea
저자
김희신 (인천대학교)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2010
작성언어
Korean
주제어
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
205-236(32쪽)
KCI 피인용횟수
17
DOI식별코드
제공처
소장기관
This study was conducted as a part of research on the history of policies for Chinese in Chosun, focusing on how China managed Chinese in Chosun in consideration of international environment surrounding Chosun in those days. It was after the conclusion of <Regulations for Maritime and Overland Trade between Chinese and Korean Subjects> that China tried active management of Chinese in Chosun, which was a strategic region in East Asia. Thus, it sent Qing trade commissioners to open ports including Hanseong so that they would be responsible to protect Chinese merchants. The first Trade Commissioner was Chen Shu Tang, who was succeeded by Yuan Shi Kai as the General Commissioner of Trade. Offices in the open ports and Hanseong where the trade commissioners resided became bases for managing and protecting Chinese merchants. With this, the minimum condition was satisfied for Chinese merchants to run their business in Chosun safely.
At the beginning, the offices had limitations in personnel, budget, etc., so they had difficulty in managing Chinese in Chosun. With increase in the number of Chinese merchants, Chinese merchants established their own private organizations called Center and the directors of the organizations were given responsibility to survey and monitor the state of Chinese in Chosun. Particularly in 1889, the Police Office was erected in Hanseong, and it assumed responsibility for management and inspection according to <Regulations for Policing>.
Trade between Korea and China was conducted basically based on <Regulations for Maritime and Overland Trade between Chinese and Korean Subjects>. However, the range of Chinese activities in Chosun went beyond Hanseong and open ports permitted by the regulations. An example was trade with inland areas through the issue of travel document. Travel document was issued in a form approved by the officials of both countries and through the joint sealing by the officials of both countries. In the procedure of the application, issue and return of travel document, the director of each center was involved and stood security and he assumed responsibility to manage the Chinese merchant. Furthermore, illegal acts occurred frequently such as entering an inland area without travel document and opening a shop, smuggling without passing through the open ports, and running business wherever they wanted. Such acts were regulated strictly by punishing the involved director and surety. Chinese officers gave instructions against illegal stay and smuggling continuously, and arrested and deported offenders. Most of previous studies understood the background of such frequent illegal acts as a phenomenon resulting from the trade relation between Chosun and China. In addition, they underestimated the Chinese officers’ series of actions against illegal acts as nominal gestures existing only in official documents. Until the establishment of the offices, however, there had never been such a strict measure to manage Chinese in Chosun. The management of Chinese in Korea was also for protecting them, and while Chinese in Chosen were managed and protected by the Chinese government, Chinese merchants could maintain and expand their power stably in Hanseong and Incheon where they competed with Korean and Japanese merchants.
On the other hand, the rampancy of illegal acts was considered to disgrace China as a big country and to damage their image among Korean people. From this viewpoint, the management of Chinese merchants was one of efforts to save the face of China as a big country, and again the issue is returned to the ‘inequality’ problem of <Regulations for Maritime and Overland Trade between Chinese and Korean Subjects>. It was just and necessary enough for China to trade with Korea and to manage Chinese merchants according to <Regulations for Maritime and Overland Trade between Chinese and Korean Subjects>. Trade between Korea and China was basically conducted under <Regulations for Maritime and ...
분석정보
연월일 | 이력구분 | 이력상세 | 등재구분 |
---|---|---|---|
2027 | 평가예정 | 재인증평가 신청대상 (재인증) | |
2021-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (재인증) | KCI등재 |
2018-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2015-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2011-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2009-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2007-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 유지 (등재유지) | KCI등재 |
2004-01-01 | 평가 | 등재학술지 선정 (등재후보2차) | KCI등재 |
2003-01-01 | 평가 | 등재후보 1차 PASS (등재후보1차) | KCI후보 |
2001-07-01 | 평가 | 등재후보학술지 선정 (신규평가) | KCI후보 |
기준연도 | WOS-KCI 통합IF(2년) | KCIF(2년) | KCIF(3년) |
---|---|---|---|
2016 | 1.76 | 1.76 | 1.35 |
KCIF(4년) | KCIF(5년) | 중심성지수(3년) | 즉시성지수 |
1.17 | 0.99 | 1.779 | 0.14 |
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