Comparative analysis of geomorphological and geological characteristics of small-scale volcanoes applicable to field guide for Jeju Island geoheritages

국문 초록 (Abstract)

일선 중등학교의 지구과학 현장실습과 일반인들의 탐방안내에 활용할 목적으로 제주도의 일출봉, 송악산, 하논, 산방산, 섭지코지, 금오름 등 소형 6개 화산체를 선정하여 야외지질답사, 디지털지형도를 통해 각 화산체 유형의 지형·지질학적 특성과 형성과정을 분석하였다. 이들 소형 화산체들은 응회구, 응회환, 마르, 분석구, 용암돔 등 5개의 유형으로 분류되는데, 화구의 크기와 깊이, 경사도와 함께 구성 지층의 암상, 조직과 구조 및 암석성분 등의 지형 및 지질학적 특성에 의해 뚜렷하게 구분된다. 특히, 화산체 사면의 경사도는 용암돔, 분석구, 응회구, 응회환, 마르 순으로 감소하며, 분화구 직경과 화산체 저경의 비는 동일한 순으로 증가한다. 제주도 화산체의 유형을 결정하는 요인으로서, 용암돔의 형성은 분출하는 마그마나 용암의 화학적 성분에 의한 높은 점성에 영향을 받으며, 기타 다른 분화구들의 형성은 마그마의 화학적 성분보다는 마그마 자체의 물리적 특성(기체함량)이나 외부조건(물과의 반응)에 영향을 받는 것으로 보인다. 분석결과는 탐방안내서 제작에 활용하기 쉽게 그림과 표, 흐름도 등으로 제시되었으며, 이를 통해 다양한 제주도 화산체의 특성과 형성과정을 이해하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, geomorphological and geological characteristics of 6 small volcanoes in Jeju Island (Ilchulbong, Songaksan, Hanon, Sanbangsan, Seobjikoji and Geum-orm) are analyzed based on field survey and analysis of digital topographic maps, which are applicable to field guide for students and visitors. These volcanic bodies are classified into 5 different types of volcanic landform including tuff cone, tuff ring, maar, lava dome and scoria cone, and distinct from each other by lithology, texture and structure and chemical composition of the rock formation as well as caliber, depth and slope gradient of the crater. It is particularly noteworthy that maar, tuff ring, tuff cone, scoria cone and lava dome are in order of increasing slope gradient of outer rims, but the ratio of crater caliber to volcano diameter is in the reverse order. The formation of a lava dome seems to be influenced mainly by the chemical composition and higher viscosity of magma, but the other types of volcanos are preferably controlled by physical properties of magma and/or external condition (e.g., gas content and water interaction) rather than chemical property of magma. The major results of this study are presented by tables, figures and a flow chart, which will help to understand the diverse nature of volcanic geoheritages of the Jeju Island.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 요약
• ABSTRACT
• 1. 서론
• 2. 연구방법
• 3. 제주도 지질 개관
• 4. 분석결과
• 5. 토의 및 결론
• REFERENCES

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