同一化와 人性과의 關係에 對한 硏究 = A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IDENTIFICATION AND PERSONALITY
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1971
작성언어
Korean
KDC
370.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
29-49(21쪽)
제공처
소장기관
Identification is thought of as an interactional process between children and adults whereby a person's personality is modified to incorporate and conform with expectations, ideals, and imperatives held by members of the group to which he belongs. But today's situation is not the same as it used to be. Juveniles run utterly counter to adults in terms of values, ideals, thought, and perspectives. They think the present adults contribute too little to be reckoned with in shaping children for the future.
The chronic discontinuity and contempt between older and younger generations has posed a grave threat to juvenile education and for quite some time has been the subject of controversy on whether to let young people identify with the older generation or not.
Still worse, what adult phenomena and psychology do to the minds of children is considered to he planting meager personal impressions upon young men and converting them into the target of villification and discount.
In a nutshell, the uneducational effect wrought by a range of disparities between generations is definitely more negative than positive.
I) The Purpose
This study attempted to seek the effectiveness of identification, especially negative-symbolic identification as today's subject of controversy.
The specific objectives are:
1. To make clear how identification as a kind of socialization exerts formative influences upon personality development as an incentive factor.
2. To make clear the degree and correlation between identification (negative-symbolic identification) and personality traits-general activity, dominance, emotional stability, impulsiveness, masculinity, objectivity, reflectiveness, and sociability as classified in Dr. Chong Bum Mo's personality test.
3. To make clear how the negative-symbolic identification, overriding the positive realistic identification, exerts a detrimental influence upon the self-development of youth.
4. To make clear which factors determine the occurrence of identification, its pattern, change, degree, and presence or absence.
5. To understand the relation of a model's substitute selection and human development, and that of the model's childrearing styles and self-development.
1. A review was made of literature relevant to the study concerned.
2. Dr, Chong's personality test was administered to 200 students of ChongjuTeachers College as a measure of their Personality traits, These traits included general activity vs, nonactivity, sociability vs, unsociability, masculinity vs. feminity, emotional stability vs. unstability, dominance vs. submissiveness, impulsiveness vs, self-control, objectivity vs. subjectivity, and reflectiveness vs, frivolousness
3. These results were classified by percentile scores into high, middle, and low groups-100%-75%, 75%-25%, and 25%-0% respectively,
4. An identification test made by the researcher was administered in order to find out the student's general state of identification. This accompanied the personality test of Dr, Chong. The identification is composed of 35 items in all for examining the students' identification patterns and divers1ons and their influences, model's substitute patterns, model's childrearing styles, identification and achievement motives, identification and social status, plus identification and self-concept formation.
5. The above ratings of the two tests were correlated and compared with the use of x² and p (level of significance).
Ⅳ) Results
The following results were indicated:
A) It was disclosed that the negative-symbolic identification, of the various identifications occupying the minds of youth, has a higher significant correlation with inter-personality traits listed above except a few traits beneath p>0.01:
The correlation between the negative-symbolic identification and interpersonality traits was confirmed at a 1% level of significance, as shown below the order of x²scores:
Level of significance(p) & x² of negative-positive identification
Order Personality Traits x² Level of significance
1 Emotional Stability-Unstability 13.44 P<0.01
2 Sociability-Unsociability 13.03 P<0.01
3 Masculinity-Feminity 12.05 P<0.0l
4 Dominance-Submissiveness 11.97 P<0.01
5 Reflectiveness- Frivolousness 10.04 P<0.0l
6 Impulsiveness-Self control 8.75 0.02<P>0.01
7 Objectivity-Subjectivity 6.78 0.05<P>0.02
8 General activity-Nonactivity 4.12 0.20<P>0.10
Level of significance (p) & x² of symbolic-realistic identification
Order Personality Traits x² Level of Significance
1 General activity-nontativity 21.82 P<0.01
2 Dominace-Submissiveness 20.35 P<0.01
3 Impulsiveness-Self control 16.11 P<0.01
4 Sociability-Unsociability 11.35 P<0.01
5 Emotional Stability-Unstability 9.86 P<0.01
6 Objectivity-Subjectivity 8.06 0.02<P>0.01
7 Masculinity-Feminity 7.42 0.05<P>0.02
8 Reflectiveness-Frivolousness 0.77 0.70<P>0.50
B) It was disclosed that the negative-positive identification and symbolic-realistic identification produced seriously wide disparities, nearing the widely separated upper and lower groups. The disparities were confirmed at a 26-3 difference between the upper and lower group's negative-positive identification and 22-10 in symbolic realistic identification. This is illustrated below:
Mean & difference of negative-positive identification
Class Negative M Positive M D
Upper 54 51 3
Middle 52 37 15
Lower 58 32 26
Mean & difference of symbolic-realistic identification
Class Symbolic M Realistic M D
Upper 51 41 10
Middle 53 45 8
Lower 57 35 22
C) It was disclosed that the negative-symbolic identification exerts more definitely serious influences upon self-development than any other identification, overriding positive-realistic identification, This indicates the converse nature of negative-symbolic identification. The negative-symbolic identification patterns were confirmed at 85.4%, and 87.2% of response percentages, outstripping a diversity of other identifications as shown below:
Response percentage of identification patterns
Identification Pattern Response Percentage
Secondary Reinforcemnt Identification 10.3
Dependency Identification 18.5
Status Power Envy Identification 27.3
Vicarious Reinforcement Identification 28.1
Symbolic Identification 85.4
Negative Identification 87.2
Similarity Identification 52.2
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