검역잡초종자 발아력 제거를 위한 수입농산물 열처리 효과 = Heat-treatment Effects of Agricultural Imports for Devitalization of Quarantine Weed Seeds

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Korea is carrying out weed quarantine by plant quarantine regulations including heat-treatment method to prevent the influx of exotic weeds. In order to confirm suitability for current heat-treatment criteria and find field-applicable methods which can completely devitalize quarantine weed seeds, the conditions for heat-treatment with/without 40% relative humidity were studied with 9 species among quarantine weed seeds and one weed species similar to quarantine weed. Dry heat-treatments had been tested under various temperatures and time conditions. All seeds were dead at the conditions of 95oC for 48 hours, 100oC for 36 hours, 110oC for 24 hours,121oC for 4 hours and 130oC for 30 minutes. Heat-treatments at 40% relative humidity resulted in complete seed death at the conditions of 85oC for 36 hours and 90oC for 16 hours. The above results show that current heat-treatment criteria are not suitable for several quarantine weeds and these conditions could be applied as a quarantine method to prevent the influx of quarantine weeds along with agricultural imports. More specific conditions for heat tolerant species such as Picris echioides and heat susceptible species such as Cuscuta spp. are necessary and will improve plant quarantine process in devitalizing quarantine weed seeds with different heat tolerances.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

우리나라는 열처리방법을 포함한 식물검역규정에 의하여 외래잡초의 유입방지를 위한 잡초검역을 실시하고 있다. 현행 열처리기준의 적절성을 확인하고 검역잡초의 발아력을 완전히 제거하기 위한 열처리조건을 구명하여 식물검역에 활용하기 위하여 검역잡초 9종과 검역잡초와 유사한 잡초 1종의 종자를 재료로 하여 건열처리와 상대습도 40%의 습열처리에 의한 사멸조건을 연구하였다. 다양한 온도 및 시간별 건열처리 결과 95oC에서 48시간, 100oC 에서 36시간, 110oC에서 24시간, 121oC에서 4시간, 130oC에서 30분 처리 후 모든 종자가 사멸되었고, 상대습도 40%에서의 습열처리 결과 85oC에서 36시간, 90oC에서 16시간습열처리 후 모든 종자가 사멸하였다. 상기의 결과는 현행 열처리기준이 검역잡초 몇 종에는 적용하기에 적합하지 않음을 보여주며, 검역잡초종자의 발아력을 제거할 수있는 이 열처리조건은 수입농산물을 통한 검역잡초의 유입을 방지하기 위한 검역의 한 방법으로 적용할 수 있을것이다. Picris echioides와 같이 강한 내열성이 있는 종과새삼속(Cuscuta spp.)과 같이 열에 민감한 종을 위한 별도의 열처리조건이 필요하며 이는 다른 내열성의 검역잡초종자를 사멸시키는 검역업무의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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