유럽연합에 대한 이론적 고찰 = 경쟁이론들의 장ㆍ단점 비교연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 유럽연합과 유럽통합에 대한 경쟁이론들의 장ㆍ단점에 대한 고찰을 비판적인 견지에서 시도하고 있는데, 핵심적인 주장은 다음과 같은 세 가지로 구분된다. 첫째, 국제정치이론 중 합리적인 접근으로 대변되는 신현실주의와 신자유주의 제도론은 이론의 인식론과 존재론 및 방법론적 측면에서 유럽통합과 유럽연합이 추동하고 있는 다행위자의 등장과 복잡한 정책결정과정 그리고 다층거버넌스 구조를 설명하기에는 한계가 있음을 지적하고 있다. 둘째, 비교정치와 거버넌스 중심의 설명은 복잡한 유럽연합의 행위자와 구조를 있는 그대로 설명하는 것에는 적합한 미시적 이론으로서 그 이론적 가치를 찾을 수 있으나, 이론으로서의 철학적 기반이 취약한 현상기술적인 이론임과 동시에 미래예측성에서 제약을 노출하고 있는 이론이라는 점을 밝혀내고 있다. 셋째, 본 연구는 국제정치이론 중 구성주의와 성찰주의 접근이 유럽연합과 유럽통합을 이해하는 데 있어서 앞의 두 이론이 간과했던 측면들을 살필 수 있고 따라서 기존 이론들과는 다른 측면에서 상대적인 설득력과 설명력을 지니고 있음을 밝혀내고 있다. 특히 본 연구는 성찰주의 이론 중 역사사회학과 비판이론 그리고 해체주의 접근을 통하여 유럽연합과 유럽통합의 설명을 시도하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this article is to develop a critically oriented theoretical approach towards the European Union and integration. Core arguments of this article can be organized into three parts. First, rationalistic approach in the discipline of International Relations exposes fatal limits in explaining new phenomena such as the emergence of multiple actors, multi-level governance and more complicated policy-making processes in the arena of the EU. Second, the new introduction of comparative politics and governance theory into the European studies can produce more refined understandings. However, those theories reveal serious problems. First of all, those theories fail to provide a clear answer to how nation-states interact in the context of the EU. Considering that the current position of the EU lies in the middle part between the ‘European federation’ and the ‘Europe of nation-states’, the argument that comparative politics and governance theory just ignored the important aspects of the ‘Europe-of nation-states’ can be regarded as a reasonable critique. Third, this article argues that compared with above mentioned theories, reflective approaches like historical sociology, critical theory, and destructive theory in the discipline of International Relations can produce more persuasive explanations.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 논문요약
• Ⅰ. 문제제기
• Ⅱ. 국제정치이론과 유럽통합
• Ⅲ. 거버넌스 장(arena)으로서의 유럽정체(European Polity)
• Ⅳ. 구성주의와 성찰주의: 통합이론 지평의 심화와 확대
• Ⅴ. 글을 마치며
• 참고문헌
• 영어 초록

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